dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron [FBbt_00100220]

A dopaminergic neuron whose cell body is located in a cluster of approximately 6 cell bodies in the cortex of the posterior inferior lateral protocerebrum of the adult brain. Members of this group send processes to various parts of the brain: one group send processes to the calyx, the inferior portion of the lateral horn and broad areas in the middle superior medial protocerebrum; another group sends processes to the calyx, the entire lateral horn and broad areas of the middle superior protocerebrum; another subgroup innervates the lobula and broad protocerebral areas; and a final group innervates the posterior lateral protocerebrum. Mao and Davis (2009) identify 8 protocerebral clusters coincidentally positive for TH-GAL4 activity and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, implying these cells are dopaminergic. The cluster of neurons is so named because it appears to correspond to a double cluster (called PPL2ab) of TH-positive neurons in the blow fly (Nassel and Elekes, 1992), though Mao and Davis (2009) were unable to identify two subclusters. Blanco et al. (2011) identify 7 cells that are part of the PPL2 cluster.

Open dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron in VFB

Example Images

dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron

VFB Term Json

{
    "term": {
        "core": {
            "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbt_00100220",
            "symbol": "",
            "types": [
                "Entity",
                "Adult",
                "Anatomy",
                "Cell",
                "Class",
                "Dopaminergic",
                "Nervous_system",
                "Neuron"
            ],
            "short_form": "FBbt_00100220",
            "label": "dopaminergic PPL2ab neuron"
        },
        "description": [
            "A dopaminergic neuron whose cell body is located in a cluster of approximately 6 cell bodies in the cortex of the posterior inferior lateral protocerebrum of the adult brain. Members of this group send processes to various parts of the brain: one group send processes to the calyx, the inferior portion of the lateral horn and broad areas in the middle superior medial protocerebrum; another group sends processes to the calyx, the entire lateral horn and broad areas of the middle superior protocerebrum; another subgroup innervates the lobula and broad protocerebral areas; and a final group innervates the posterior lateral protocerebrum."
        ],
        "comment": [
            "Mao and Davis (2009) identify 8 protocerebral clusters coincidentally positive for TH-GAL4 activity and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, implying these cells are dopaminergic. The cluster of neurons is so named because it appears to correspond to a double cluster (called PPL2ab) of TH-positive neurons in the blow fly (Nassel and Elekes, 1992), though Mao and Davis (2009) were unable to identify two subclusters. Blanco et al. (2011) identify 7 cells that are part of the PPL2 cluster."
        ]
    },
    "query": "Get JSON for Class",
    "version": "44725ae",
    "parents": [
        {
            "symbol": "",
            "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbt_00058206",
            "types": [
                "Entity",
                "Adult",
                "Anatomy",
                "Cell",
                "Class",
                "Dopaminergic",
                "Nervous_system",
                "Neuron"
            ],
            "short_form": "FBbt_00058206",
            "label": "adult dopaminergic neuron"
        }
    ],
    "relationships": [
        {
            "relation": {
                "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050",
                "label": "is part of",
                "type": "part_of"
            },
            "object": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbt_00003624",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Class",
                    "Nervous_system"
                ],
                "short_form": "FBbt_00003624",
                "label": "adult brain"
            }
        },
        {
            "relation": {
                "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002100",
                "label": "has soma location",
                "type": "has_soma_location"
            },
            "object": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbt_00100213",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Class",
                    "Nervous_system"
                ],
                "short_form": "FBbt_00100213",
                "label": "cell body rind of adult inferior neuropils"
            }
        },
        {
            "relation": {
                "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202",
                "label": "develops from",
                "type": "develops_from"
            },
            "object": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbt_00110346",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Cell",
                    "Class",
                    "Dopaminergic",
                    "Larva",
                    "Nervous_system",
                    "Neuron"
                ],
                "short_form": "FBbt_00110346",
                "label": "larval dopaminergic DL2-2 neuron"
            }
        }
    ],
    "xrefs": [],
    "anatomy_channel_image": [
        {
            "anatomy": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_jrchk45w",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Cell",
                    "Dopaminergic",
                    "GABAergic",
                    "Individual",
                    "NBLAST",
                    "Nervous_system",
                    "Neuron",
                    "has_image",
                    "has_neuron_connectivity",
                    "has_region_connectivity"
                ],
                "short_form": "VFB_jrchk45w",
                "label": "PPL203_R (FlyEM-HB:294436967)"
            },
            "channel_image": {
                "image": {
                    "template_channel": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_00101384",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Individual",
                            "Template"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFBc_00101384",
                        "label": "JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain_c"
                    },
                    "index": [],
                    "template_anatomy": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_00101384",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Adult",
                            "Anatomy",
                            "Individual",
                            "Nervous_system",
                            "Template",
                            "has_image"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFB_00101384",
                        "label": "JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain"
                    },
                    "image_folder": "http://www.virtualflybrain.org/data/VFB/i/jrch/k45w/VFB_00101384/"
                },
                "channel": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_jrchk45w",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "VFBc_jrchk45w",
                    "label": "PPL203_R - 294436967_c"
                },
                "imaging_technique": {
                    "symbol": "FIB-SEM",
                    "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbi_00050000",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Class"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBbi_00050000",
                    "label": "focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM)"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "anatomy": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_jrchk45w",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Cell",
                    "Dopaminergic",
                    "GABAergic",
                    "Individual",
                    "NBLAST",
                    "Nervous_system",
                    "Neuron",
                    "has_image",
                    "has_neuron_connectivity",
                    "has_region_connectivity"
                ],
                "short_form": "VFB_jrchk45w",
                "label": "PPL203_R (FlyEM-HB:294436967)"
            },
            "channel_image": {
                "image": {
                    "template_channel": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_00101567",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Individual",
                            "Template"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFBc_00101567",
                        "label": "JRC2018Unisex_c"
                    },
                    "index": [],
                    "template_anatomy": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_00101567",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Adult",
                            "Anatomy",
                            "Individual",
                            "Nervous_system",
                            "Template",
                            "has_image"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFB_00101567",
                        "label": "JRC2018Unisex"
                    },
                    "image_folder": "http://www.virtualflybrain.org/data/VFB/i/jrch/k45w/VFB_00101567/"
                },
                "channel": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_jrchk45w",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "VFBc_jrchk45w",
                    "label": "PPL203_R - 294436967_c"
                },
                "imaging_technique": {
                    "symbol": "FIB-SEM",
                    "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbi_00050000",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Class"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBbi_00050000",
                    "label": "focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM)"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "anatomy": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_jrchk45u",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Cell",
                    "Dopaminergic",
                    "Individual",
                    "NBLAST",
                    "Nervous_system",
                    "Neuron",
                    "has_image",
                    "has_neuron_connectivity",
                    "has_region_connectivity"
                ],
                "short_form": "VFB_jrchk45u",
                "label": "PPL201_R (FlyEM-HB:328533761)"
            },
            "channel_image": {
                "image": {
                    "template_channel": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_00101384",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Individual",
                            "Template"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFBc_00101384",
                        "label": "JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain_c"
                    },
                    "index": [],
                    "template_anatomy": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_00101384",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Adult",
                            "Anatomy",
                            "Individual",
                            "Nervous_system",
                            "Template",
                            "has_image"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFB_00101384",
                        "label": "JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain"
                    },
                    "image_folder": "http://www.virtualflybrain.org/data/VFB/i/jrch/k45u/VFB_00101384/"
                },
                "channel": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_jrchk45u",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "VFBc_jrchk45u",
                    "label": "PPL201_R - 328533761_c"
                },
                "imaging_technique": {
                    "symbol": "FIB-SEM",
                    "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbi_00050000",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Class"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBbi_00050000",
                    "label": "focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM)"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "anatomy": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_jrchk45u",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Cell",
                    "Dopaminergic",
                    "Individual",
                    "NBLAST",
                    "Nervous_system",
                    "Neuron",
                    "has_image",
                    "has_neuron_connectivity",
                    "has_region_connectivity"
                ],
                "short_form": "VFB_jrchk45u",
                "label": "PPL201_R (FlyEM-HB:328533761)"
            },
            "channel_image": {
                "image": {
                    "template_channel": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_00101567",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Individual",
                            "Template"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFBc_00101567",
                        "label": "JRC2018Unisex_c"
                    },
                    "index": [],
                    "template_anatomy": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_00101567",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Adult",
                            "Anatomy",
                            "Individual",
                            "Nervous_system",
                            "Template",
                            "has_image"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFB_00101567",
                        "label": "JRC2018Unisex"
                    },
                    "image_folder": "http://www.virtualflybrain.org/data/VFB/i/jrch/k45u/VFB_00101567/"
                },
                "channel": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_jrchk45u",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "VFBc_jrchk45u",
                    "label": "PPL201_R - 328533761_c"
                },
                "imaging_technique": {
                    "symbol": "FIB-SEM",
                    "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbi_00050000",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Class"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBbi_00050000",
                    "label": "focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM)"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "anatomy": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_001011q4",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Adult",
                    "Anatomy",
                    "Cell",
                    "Dopaminergic",
                    "Individual",
                    "NBLAST",
                    "Nervous_system",
                    "Neuron",
                    "has_image",
                    "has_neuron_connectivity"
                ],
                "short_form": "VFB_001011q4",
                "label": "PPL202#1 (FAFB:30571)"
            },
            "channel_image": {
                "image": {
                    "template_channel": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_00101567",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Individual",
                            "Template"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFBc_00101567",
                        "label": "JRC2018Unisex_c"
                    },
                    "index": [],
                    "template_anatomy": {
                        "symbol": "",
                        "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFB_00101567",
                        "types": [
                            "Entity",
                            "Adult",
                            "Anatomy",
                            "Individual",
                            "Nervous_system",
                            "Template",
                            "has_image"
                        ],
                        "short_form": "VFB_00101567",
                        "label": "JRC2018Unisex"
                    },
                    "image_folder": "http://www.virtualflybrain.org/data/VFB/i/0010/11q4/VFB_00101567/"
                },
                "channel": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://virtualflybrain.org/reports/VFBc_001011q4",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "VFBc_001011q4",
                    "label": "PPL202#1 (skeleton_id:30571)_c"
                },
                "imaging_technique": {
                    "symbol": "TEM",
                    "iri": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FBbi_00000258",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Class"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBbi_00000258",
                    "label": "transmission electron microscopy (TEM)"
                }
            }
        }
    ],
    "pub_syn": [
        {
            "synonym": {
                "scope": "has_exact_synonym",
                "label": "protocerebral posteriolateral dopaminergic cluster neuron 2ab",
                "type": ""
            },
            "pub": {
                "core": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/Unattributed",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual",
                        "pub"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "Unattributed",
                    "label": ""
                },
                "FlyBase": "",
                "PubMed": "",
                "DOI": ""
            }
        },
        {
            "synonym": {
                "scope": "has_exact_synonym",
                "label": "protocerebral posterior lateral dopaminergic cluster neuron 2ab",
                "type": ""
            },
            "pub": {
                "core": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/Unattributed",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual",
                        "pub"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "Unattributed",
                    "label": ""
                },
                "FlyBase": "",
                "PubMed": "",
                "DOI": ""
            }
        },
        {
            "synonym": {
                "scope": "has_exact_synonym",
                "label": "PPL2ab",
                "type": ""
            },
            "pub": {
                "core": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/FBrf0208427",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual",
                        "pub"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBrf0208427",
                    "label": "Mao and Davis, 2009, Front. Neural Circuits 3: 5"
                },
                "FlyBase": "",
                "PubMed": "19597562",
                "DOI": "10.3389/neuro.04.005.2009"
            }
        },
        {
            "synonym": {
                "scope": "has_exact_synonym",
                "label": "TH-positive posteriolateral dopaminergic cluster neuron 2ab",
                "type": ""
            },
            "pub": {
                "core": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/Unattributed",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual",
                        "pub"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "Unattributed",
                    "label": ""
                },
                "FlyBase": "",
                "PubMed": "",
                "DOI": ""
            }
        },
        {
            "synonym": {
                "scope": "has_exact_synonym",
                "label": "PPL neuron",
                "type": ""
            },
            "pub": {
                "core": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/FBrf0221624",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual",
                        "pub"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "FBrf0221624",
                    "label": "Hindle et al., 2013, Hum. Mol. Genet. 22(11): 2129--2140"
                },
                "FlyBase": "",
                "PubMed": "23396536",
                "DOI": "10.1093/hmg/ddt061"
            }
        },
        {
            "synonym": {
                "scope": "has_exact_synonym",
                "label": "PPL2ab cluster neuron",
                "type": ""
            },
            "pub": {
                "core": {
                    "symbol": "",
                    "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/Unattributed",
                    "types": [
                        "Entity",
                        "Individual",
                        "pub"
                    ],
                    "short_form": "Unattributed",
                    "label": ""
                },
                "FlyBase": "",
                "PubMed": "",
                "DOI": ""
            }
        }
    ],
    "def_pubs": [
        {
            "core": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/FBrf0208427",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Individual",
                    "pub"
                ],
                "short_form": "FBrf0208427",
                "label": "Mao and Davis, 2009, Front. Neural Circuits 3: 5"
            },
            "FlyBase": "",
            "PubMed": "19597562",
            "DOI": "10.3389/neuro.04.005.2009"
        },
        {
            "core": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/FBrf0055596",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Individual",
                    "pub"
                ],
                "short_form": "FBrf0055596",
                "label": "Nassel and Elekes, 1992, Cell Tissue Res. 267(1): 147--167"
            },
            "FlyBase": "",
            "PubMed": "1346506",
            "DOI": "10.1007/BF00318701"
        },
        {
            "core": {
                "symbol": "",
                "iri": "http://flybase.org/reports/FBrf0216686",
                "types": [
                    "Entity",
                    "Individual",
                    "pub"
                ],
                "short_form": "FBrf0216686",
                "label": "Blanco et al., 2011, Neural Dev. 6: 34"
            },
            "FlyBase": "",
            "PubMed": "21999236",
            "DOI": "10.1186/1749-8104-6-34"
        }
    ]
}