Tag: lineage_MBp

adult alpha'/beta' Kenyon cell [FBbt_00049834]

Mushroom body neuron of the adult that bifurcates at the anterior end of the pedunculus, projecting into the mushroom body alpha’-lobe and beta’-lobe (Lee et al., 1999; Tanaka et al., 2008). It develops from a larval alpha’/beta’ Kenyon cell with little alteration during metamorphosis (Lee et al., 1999). In the pedunculus, the alpha’ and beta’ neurons occupy an intermediate stratum between the gamma axons at the periphery and the alpha/beta neurons at the core (Tanaka et al., 2008; Li et al., 2020). Most arborize in the main calyx, with a subset arborizing in the lateral accessory calyx (Marin et al., 2020). There is a total of around 340 of these cells per hemisphere (Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

alpha'/beta' Kenyon cell [FBbt_00100249]

Mushroom body neuron that is born during the late-larval stage, after the gamma neurons (Lee et al., 1999). Its axon bifurcates at the anterior end of the pedunculus, projecting into the medial and vertical lobes (Lee et al., 1999). During the pupal stage, it remains largely the same and forms the alpha’/beta’ lobes of the adult (Lee et al., 1999).

Tags:

gamma Kenyon cell [FBbt_00100247]

Mushroom body neuron that innervates the mushroom body vertical and medial lobes in the larva, but is pruned back during early pupal stages to innervate only the gamma lobe in the adult (Lee et al., 1999; Awasaki and Ito, 2004; Awasaki et al., 2006; Truman et al., 2023). The gamma neurons are the first born of the Kenyon cells, generated during embryonic and early larval stages (Lee et al., 1999).

Tags:

KC [FBbt_00049825]

Kenyon cell of the adult mushroom body. It has its soma in the mushroom body cell body rind (above the calyx) and has dendrites in the main calyx and/or an accessory calyx (Lee et al., 1999; Aso et al., 2014). There are three main subtypes that project their axons to the gamma lobe, the alpha and beta lobes, and the alpha’ and beta’ lobes (Lee et al., 1999; Aso et al., 2014). All three subtypes are cholinergic (Barnstedt et al., 2016; Croset et al., 2018). In the pedunculus, the Kenyon cell axons are organized by birth order, with gamma neuron axons more peripheral and the last-born (alpha/beta) neurons in the center (Li et al., 2020). There are close to 2000 Kenyon cells per adult mushroom body (Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCa'b'-ap1 [FBbt_00049836]

Alpha’/beta’ anterior-posterior Kenyon cell with its axons are localized to more peripheral parts of the anterior and posterior layers compared to the anterior-posterior type 2 cells (Li et al., 2020). It has dendrites in the anterior part of the main calyx and/or the lateral accessory calyx (lACA), which are regions targeted by thermo/hygrosensory projection neurons (Li et al., 2020). There are around 90 of these neurons in each hemisphere, 14 of which receive input in the lACA (Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCa'b'-ap2 [FBbt_00049837]

Alpha’/beta’ anterior-posterior Kenyon cell with its axons are localized to more medial parts of the anterior and posterior layers compared to the anterior-posterior type 1 cells, closer to the medial layer (Li et al., 2020). It has dendrites in the main calyx (Li et al., 2020). There are around 120 of these neurons in each hemisphere (Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCa'b'-m [FBbt_00100253]

A subtype of the mushroom body alpha’/beta’ neurons that has dendrites in the main calyx and projects an axon to the middle layer of each of the alpha’ and beta’ lobes (Tanaka et al., 2008; Aso et al., 2014). In the beta’ lobe slice 2, their axons are located in the area between the bifurcating axons of the alpha’/beta’ anterior-posterior Kenyon cells (Aso et al., 2014). In the alpha’ lobe, their axons are medial to those of the alpha’/beta’ anterior-posterior Kenyon cells (Aso et al., 2014). There are around 120 of these neurons in each hemisphere (Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCab [FBbt_00100248]

Mushroom body neuron that bifurcates at the anterior end of the pedunculus and projects into the alpha and beta lobes of the adult mushroom body (Lee et al., 1999). The alpha/beta neurons are the last born of the Kenyon cells, generated during the pupal stage (Lee et al., 1999). In the pedunculus, the alpha/beta neurons occupy the core stratum with the alpha’/beta’ neurons in the intermediate stratum and the gamma neurons at the periphery (Tanaka et al., 2008; Li et al., 2020). They are cholinergic neurons (Pankova & Borst, 2017) and they express sNPF (Johard et al., 2008; Barnstedt et al., 2016; Croset et al., 2018). There are around 900-1000 of these cells per hemisphere (Aso et al., 2014; Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCab-c [FBbt_00110929]

Alpha/beta mushroom body neuron that has dendrites in the main calyx, with its axons occupying the core layer of the peduncle, alpha and beta lobes (Strausfeld et al., 2003; Tanaka et al., 2008). They can be subdivided into inner and outer core cells (Tanaka et al., 2008; Takemura et al., 2017). There are around 400 of these neurons in each hemisphere (Aso et al., 2014; Takemura et al., 2017).

Tags:

KCab-p [FBbt_00110931]

Alpha/beta mushroom body neuron that has its dendrites in the dorsal accessory calyx, with no arborization in the main calyx (Aso et al., 2014; Li et al., 2020). It occupies the outermost stratum and the posterior layer at the tip of the alpha and beta lobes (Tanaka et al., 2008). In the shaft region of the alpha lobe, alpha/beta posterior Kenyon cell form mesh-like arrangements, with one or two nodes where axons appear to gather. In the pedunculus, their axons form several bundles, which run through the outermost layer of the central zone. They are the first-born alpha/beta Kenyon cells (Aso et al., 2014). There are around 60-90 of these neurons in each hemisphere (Aso et al., 2014; Takemura et al., 2017; Li et al., 2020). They receive visual input in the dorsal accessory calyx, but this is mainly from local visual interneurons, rather than visual projection neurons (Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCab-sc [FBbt_00049838]

Alpha/beta mushroom body neuron that has dendrites in the main calyx and whose axons form concentrically layered regions of the alpha and beta lobes (Takemura et al., 2017). They are born after the alpha/beta posterior neurons and are organized by birth order, with later-born neurons located more centrally (Takemura et al., 2017; Li et al., 2020). There are around 800-900 of these neurons in each hemisphere (Aso et al., 2014; Takemura et al., 2017; Li et al., 2020).

Tags:

KCg-d [FBbt_00110932]

Gamma Kenyon cell of the adult with its dendrites in the ventral accessory calyx and its axon following the dorsal layer of the gamma lobe (Aso et al., 2014). It projects through the most peripheral layer of the pedunculus, and then ventral anterior parts of gamma lobe slices 1 to 4, terminating in a dorsal region of slice 5 (Aso et al., 2014). There are around 100 neurons of this subtype per hemisphere (Li et al., 2020). Their dendrites do not have the claw-like morphology seen in the main calyx and their main inputs are from visual projection neurons (Li et al., 2020). They are cholinergic neurons (Davis et al., 2020).

Tags:

Kenyon cell [FBbt_00003686]

Intrinsic neuron of the mushroom body. They have tightly-packed cell bodies, situated in the rind above the calyx of the mushroom body (Ito et al., 1997). Four short fascicles, one per lineage, extend from the cell bodies of the Kenyon cells into the calyx (Ito et al., 1997). These 4 smaller fascicles converge in the calyx where they arborize and form pre- and post-synaptic terminals (Christiansen et al., 2011), with different Kenyon cells receiving input in different calyx regions/accessory calyces (Tanaka et al., 2008). They emerge from the calyx as a thick axon bundle referred to as the peduncle that bifurcates to innervate the dorsal and medial lobes of the mushroom body (Tanaka et al., 2008).

Tags:

larval alpha'/beta' Kenyon cell [FBbt_00049835]

Mushroom body neuron born in the late larva, after the gamma neurons (Lee et al., 1999). It projects via the pedunculus, into the medial and vertical lobes, forming an inner concentric layer, below the gamma neurons (Lee et al., 1999; Kurusu et al., 2002). It undergoes only minor alterations during metamorphosis (Lee et al., 1999).

Tags:

larval gamma Kenyon cell [FBbt_00049827]

Gamma Kenyon cell of the larval (or late embryonic) mushroom body. It innervates both (vertical and medial) lobes (Lee et al., 1999; Kunz et al., 2012). It is the first type of Kenyon cell to be produced, and is born in the late embryo or early larva (Lee et al., 1999; Kunz et al., 2012). It is pruned back during early pupal stages to innervate only the gamma lobe of the adult mushroom body (Lee et al., 1999; Truman et al., 2023).

Tags:

larval Kenyon cell [FBbt_00049826]

Kenyon cell (KC) of the larval (or late embryonic) mushroom body. It has its soma in the mushroom body cell body rind (above the calyx) and dendrites in the calyx and its axon projects through the pedunculus and bifurcates into the vertical and medial lobes (Lee et al., 1999). The first KCs generated in the embryo and early larva are gamma neurons, with alpha’/beta’ neurons being born in the late larva (Lee et al., 1999; Kunz et al., 2012). Later born neurons occupy more central positions within the pedunculus and lobe bundles, so that in the late third instar, the embryonic gamma axons occupy the periphery, with the larval-born gamma neurons beneath, and the alpha’/beta’ neurons at the core (Kurusu et al., 2002). During the pupal stage, gamma KCs are dramatically remodeled to form the adult gamma lobe, alpha’/beta’ KCs remain largely the same and alpha/beta neurons are generated to form the alpha and beta lobes (Lee et al., 1999).

Tags:

larval mushroom body non-intrinsic type 2 neuron [FBbt_00051367]

Primary neuron of the larval brain that develops from the Pcv9 (MBNBa) neuroblast (Kunz et al., 2012). Its soma is close to those of the Kenyon cells that develop from Pcv9 and it has dendritic arborization close to the mushroom body calyx (Kunz et al., 2012). Its axon exits the pedunculus at the level of the spur and it does not innervate the lobes (Kunz et al., 2012).

Tags:

Pcv9 neuroblast [FBbt_00006006]

Neuroblast of the ventral central protocerebrum (Urbach et al., 2003) that produces larval Kenyon cells that have their cell bodies in a relatively medial cluster (Kunz et al., 2012). It also produces non-Kenyon cells, including a characteristic type of primary neuron that exits the mushroom body pedunculus at the spur region and does not innervate the lobes (Kunz et al., 2012).

Tags:
All Tags