Tag: Motor_neuron

A1-7 DA1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110220]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). By embryonic stage 16, it has a short contralaterally projecting neurite extending into the posterior commissure. It receives input from the contra- and ipsilateral larval A27h neuron. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. These neurons were identified in a EM reconstruction of a volume that includes the posterior half of abdominal segment 2 and abdominal segment 3, of a 12-24h old first instar larva. The number of connections was estimated from the publication figures. The number of input synapses was the following (number in brackets ipsilateral/contralateral): from A27h (10/10) (Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016).

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A1-7 DA3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110233]

Motor neuron developing from the fourth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1. It innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 3 (DA3) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. The DA3 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U4 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).

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A1-7 DO2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110230]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 2 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO2 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Based on cell body position, the DO2 motor neuron appears to correspond to the U3 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to U2.

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A1-7 DO3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110237]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 3 (DO3) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 DO4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110240]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 4 (DO4) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO4 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 DO5 motor neuron [FBbt_00110241]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 5 (DO5) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO5 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Muscle DO5 is only present in A1-7. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al ., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 DT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110278]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the dorsal transverse muscle 1 (DT1) of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior intersegmental nerve root, fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, and innervates the DT1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Although it innervates an external muscle, its soma is clustered with those of the internal muscle-innervating neurons in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Landgraf et al., 2003). Its dendritic arborizations are found with those of other external muscle-innervating neurons, connected via a long posterior projection (Landgraf et al., 2003). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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A1-7 LL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110235]

Motor neuron developing from the fifth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1. It innervates the internal lateral longitudinal muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the LL1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. The LL1 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U5 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).

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A1-7 LO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110274]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-3 lineage that innervates the external lateral oblique muscle 1 of abdominal segments 1 to 7. The motor neuron exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LO1 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 LT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110263]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB2-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 1. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT1 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 LT2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110266]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB2-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 2. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT2 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 LT3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110269]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 3. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT3 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 LT4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110272]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 4. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT4 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 SBM motor neuron [FBbt_00110276]

Motor neuron developing from the neuroblast NB2-4 lineage that innervates the external segment border muscle of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Schmid et al., 1999). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve SNa branch and innervates the SBM muscle of the same segment with type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 V motor neuron [FBbt_00110302]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast 5-2 and innervates the ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It fasciculates with the ISNb intersegmental nerve branch, innervating VL1 via type III boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin et al., 2019). It soma is one segment anterior to the muscle it innervates, in the contralateral hemineuromere (Landgraf et al., 1997). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 VA1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110254]

Motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNc nerve branch. These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047470]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in one of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to the muscle it innervates, the next anterior neuromere, and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A1-7 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110292]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A1-7 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). It innervates the muscle of the segment immediately posterior to its soma (Kohsaka et al., 2015).

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A1-7 VO3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110284]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-2 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 3 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch and innervates the VO3 muscle with type Ib boutons. These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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A2-7 VT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110281]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB4-1 lineage that innervates the ventral transverse muscle 1 of abdominal segments 2 to 7. It migrates medially and posteriorly during embryonic development (Schmid et al., 1999). It follows the transverse nerve and synapses to the VT1 muscle in the anterior part of the of the next posterior segment via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin et al., 2019). VT1 is only found in A2-7 segments (Zarin et al., 2019). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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abdominal 1 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047502]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A1, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). During metamorphosis, its target muscle, VL1, develops into a temporary eclosion muscle, with some remodeling of the neuron, and this neuron becomes adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A1 (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 1 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047491]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A1 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the metathoracic neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate the newly formed muscle 80 and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A1 (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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abdominal 2 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047503]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A2, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). During metamorphosis, its target muscle, VL1, develops into a temporary eclosion muscle, with some remodeling of the neuron, and this neuron becomes adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A2 (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 2 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047492]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A2 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 1 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate the newly formed muscle 111 and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A2 (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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abdominal 3 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047504]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A3, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 3 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047493]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A3 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 2 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate an adult muscle along the ventral midline and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A3 (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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abdominal 4 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047505]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A4, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 4 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047494]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A4 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 3 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate an adult muscle along the ventral midline and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A4 (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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abdominal 5 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047506]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A5, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 5 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047495]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A5 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 4 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015).

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abdominal 6 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047507]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A6, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 6 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047496]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A6 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 5 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015).

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abdominal 7 VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047508]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A7, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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abdominal 7 VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00047497]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A7 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 6 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015).

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adult CB0004 neuron [FBbt_20003865]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the gnathal ganglia. It belongs to the MX12__prim hemilineage. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0700 neuron [FBbt_20004429]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, anterior to the prow. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0701 neuron [FBbt_20004430]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0703 neuron [FBbt_20004431]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0705 neuron [FBbt_20004433]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0706 neuron [FBbt_20004434]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0708 neuron [FBbt_20004436]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0715 neuron [FBbt_20004440]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0720 neuron [FBbt_20004445]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, near to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0723 neuron [FBbt_20004448]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0728 neuron [FBbt_20004452]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0750 neuron [FBbt_20004467]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral anterior ventrolateral protocerebrum. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0762 neuron [FBbt_20004478]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, near to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0764 neuron [FBbt_20004480]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0769 neuron [FBbt_20004484]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is serotonin. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0783 neuron [FBbt_20004494]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral-lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0789 neuron [FBbt_20004500]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0804 neuron [FBbt_20004513]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope and the ipsilateral superior posterior slope. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0810 neuron [FBbt_20004517]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral-lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral antennal mechanosensory and motor center. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0831 neuron [FBbt_20004534]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, posterior to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0835 neuron [FBbt_20004538]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0836 neuron [FBbt_20004539]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, posterior-ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the contralateral flange and the ipsilateral flange. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0838 neuron [FBbt_20004540]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the contralateral inferior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0845 neuron [FBbt_20004545]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0858 neuron [FBbt_20004555]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, posterior to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0861 neuron [FBbt_20004558]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0871 neuron [FBbt_20004567]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0873 neuron [FBbt_20004569]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope and the contralateral inferior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0875 neuron [FBbt_20004571]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, near to the flange. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0882 neuron [FBbt_20004577]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0886 neuron [FBbt_20004581]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the wedge. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope and the ipsilateral superior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0899 neuron [FBbt_20004592]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral-lateral to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0901 neuron [FBbt_20004594]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope and the ipsilateral superior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0904 neuron [FBbt_20004597]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0911 neuron [FBbt_20004604]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, near to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0913 neuron [FBbt_20004606]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0914 neuron [FBbt_20004607]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, anterior to the prow. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0915 neuron [FBbt_20004608]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, anterior to the prow. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0916 neuron [FBbt_20004609]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, posterior to the inferior posterior slope. It is a putative embryonic-born neuron. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult CB0918 neuron [FBbt_20004611]

Adult motor neuron with its soma in the brain, ventral to the gnathal ganglia. It belongs to the MX12__prim hemilineage. It has presynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope. Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Uncharacterized putative cell type from Schlegel et al. (2023), based on FlyWire v783 (FAFB) data (Dorkenwald et al., 2023). Soma locations are based on the closest annotated neuropil region. Pre- or post-synapse locations are the fewest regions that collectively contain at least 80 percent of all pre- or post-synapses of these neurons in FlyWire. Neurotransmitter predictions are from Eckstein et al. (2023). Other annotations are based on annotations in FlyWire and are available in the supplemental material of Schlegel et al. (2023).

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adult dorsal posterior Ilp7 (female) neuron [FBbt_00047238]

Female version of the adult dorsal posterior Ilp7 neuron. This is a glutamatergic motor neuron that innervates the oviduct. There are 4 of these neurons, in a dorsal cluster. These cells are generated by post-embryonic neurogenesis in the late third instar larva. Unlike the male version, this cell does not produce serotonin. These neurons express fruitless (FBgn0004652) but not doublesex (FBgn0000504). The expression of Bruchpilot was used to reveal presynaptic terminals (Castellanos et al., 2013).

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adult dorsal posterior Ilp7 (female) neuron [FBbt_00047238]

Female version of the adult dorsal posterior Ilp7 neuron. It is a glutamatergic motor neuron that innervates the oviduct (Castellanos et al., 2013). There are 4 of these neurons, in a dorsal cluster (Castellanos et al., 2013). Unlike the male version, this cell does not produce serotonin (Castellanos et al., 2013).

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adult octopaminergic abdominal somatic muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00052030]

Adult octopaminergic neuron that innervates a somatic abdominal muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). These neurons collectively innervate at least the dorsal, ventral and lateral muscles of abdominal segments 2-6 (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).

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adult octopaminergic abdominal somatic muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00052030]

Adult octopaminergic neuron that innervates a somatic abdominal muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). These neurons collectively innervate at least the dorsal, ventral and lateral muscles of abdominal segments 2-6 (Pauls et al., 2018).

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adult octopaminergic frontal pulsatile organ muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00052028]

Octopaminergic neuron that innervates the frontal pulsatile organ muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). It has its soma in the thorax (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).

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adult octopaminergic heart muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00052031]

Adult octopaminergic neuron that innervates a heart muscle cell via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). These neurons collectively innervate at least the ventral longitudinal and alary muscles (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).

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adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047509]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VL1 motor neuron (MN12-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, its target temporary eclosion muscle develops from ventral longitudinal muscle 1, with some remodeling of the neuron. This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047509]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VL1 motor neuron (MN12-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, its target temporary eclosion muscle develops from ventral longitudinal muscle 1, with some remodeling of the neuron. This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A2 [FBbt_00047510]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VL1 motor neuron (MN12-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, its target temporary eclosion muscle develops from ventral longitudinal muscle 1, with some remodeling of the neuron. This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A2 [FBbt_00047510]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VL1 motor neuron (MN12-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, its target temporary eclosion muscle develops from ventral longitudinal muscle 1, with some remodeling of the neuron. This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047498]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed metathoracic lateral intersegmental muscle 80. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047498]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed metathoracic lateral intersegmental muscle 80. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A2 [FBbt_00047499]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed abdominal 2 ventral muscle 111. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A3 [FBbt_00047500]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 3. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target an adult abdominal ventral muscle. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016). Stated by Banerjee et al., 2016 to target muscle 111, but this is specific to A2 - may target 117, which is the A3 equivalent.

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adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A4 [FBbt_00047501]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 4. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the an adult abdominal ventral muscle. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016). Probably targets muscle 123.

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adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047488]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VO2 motor neuron (MN14-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target temporary eclosion muscle VL2, which develops from larval ventral longitudinal 2 (VL2) muscle (muscle 13), rather than ventral oblique 2 (VO2) muscle (muscle 14). This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047488]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VO2 motor neuron (MN14-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target temporary eclosion muscle VL2, which develops from larval ventral longitudinal 2 (VL2) muscle (muscle 13), rather than ventral oblique 2 (VO2) muscle (muscle 14). This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib A2 [FBbt_00047489]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VO2 motor neuron (MN14-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target temporary eclosion muscle VL2, which develops from larval ventral longitudinal 2 (VL2) muscle (muscle 13), rather than ventral oblique 2 (VO2) muscle (muscle 14). This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib A2 [FBbt_00047489]

Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VO2 motor neuron (MN14-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target temporary eclosion muscle VL2, which develops from larval ventral longitudinal 2 (VL2) muscle (muscle 13), rather than ventral oblique 2 (VO2) muscle (muscle 14). This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 30-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047490]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VO1 motor neuron (MN30-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed, segment-specific metathoracic longitudinal muscle 81. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult persistent motor neuron 30-Ib A1 [FBbt_00047490]

Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VO1 motor neuron (MN30-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed, segment-specific metathoracic longitudinal muscle 81. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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adult post-embryonic ventral posterior Ilp7 (female) neuron [FBbt_00110664]

Female-specific adult Ilp7 neuron. There are 3 to 4 of these neurons, in a ventral cluster of the abdominal neuromere with the dMP2 Ilp7 neurons. It is a glutamatergic motor neuron that fasciculates with the abdominal nerve trunk and innervates the oviduct muscle. These cells are generated by post-embryonic neurogenesis in the late third instar larva. The expression of Bruchpilot was used to reveal presynaptic terminals. These neurons express fruitless (FBgn0004652), but not doublesex (FBgn0000504) (Castellanos et al., 2013).

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adult post-embryonic ventral posterior Ilp7 (female) neuron [FBbt_00110664]

Female-specific adult Ilp7 neuron. There are 3 to 4 of these neurons, in a ventral cluster of the abdominal neuromere with the dMP2 Ilp7 neurons. It is a glutamatergic motor neuron that fasciculates with the abdominal nerve trunk and innervates the oviduct muscle. These cells are generated by post-embryonic neurogenesis in the late third instar larva.

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b1 motor neuron [FBbt_00004066]

Motor neuron that innervates the direct flight muscle 49. Its axon is large and exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has a characteristic posterior branch, that branches close to the soma and contralateral projections. It has a large disk-shaped soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 49, ventral to the root of the ADMN. It has a stubbly morphology. It is required for normal coordination of wing movement during flight (Sadaf et al., 2015).

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b1_MN [FBbt_00004066]

Motor neuron that innervates the direct flight muscle 49 (b1) ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a large disk-shaped soma, found ventral to the root of the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve, through which its axon leaves the ventral nerve cord (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a large posterior branch that projects into and arborizes within the root of the dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It also has a large branch that crosses the midline and arborizes in the contralateral lateral wing neuropil (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Two smaller branches arborize in the dorsal and lateral ipsilateral wing neuropil (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It is required for normal coordination of wing movement during flight (Sadaf et al., 2015).

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b2 motor neuron [FBbt_00004068]

Motor neuron that innervates the basalar muscle 51. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has four primary branches: medial, lateral, dorsal and a posterior group. It has a spherical soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 51, ventral to the root of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a fibrous morphology.

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b2_MN [FBbt_00004068]

Motor neuron that innervates the basalar muscle 51 (b2), ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a roughly spherical soma, located ventral to the root of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Within the ventral nerve cord, one branch projects medially and arborizes in the anterior and medial wing neuropil, without crossing of the midline (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). A group of projections also extends posteriorly, arborizing in the dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve root and the dorsal mesothoracic leg neuropil (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Other branches reach dorsal and lateral parts of the ipsilateral wing neuropil (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994).

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CB0004 [FBbt_20003865]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0004 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It belongs to the MX12 prim hemilineage (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0700 [FBbt_20004429]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0700 group, with its soma in the brain, anterior to the prow (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0701 [FBbt_00111298]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 9, which extends the rostrum (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes broadly in the ventral subesophageal zone, mostly ipsilaterally, and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). This neuron is required for normal proboscis extension (Gordon and Scott, 2009).

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CB0703 [FBbt_20004431]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0703 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0705 [FBbt_20004433]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0705 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0706 [FBbt_20004434]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0706 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0708 [FBbt_20004436]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0708 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia and the prow (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0715 [FBbt_20004440]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0715 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0720 [FBbt_20004445]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0720 group, with its soma in the brain, near to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0723 [FBbt_20004448]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0723 group, with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia and the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0728 [FBbt_20004452]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0728 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0750 [FBbt_20004467]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0750 group, with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0762 [FBbt_20004478]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0762 group, with its soma in the brain, near to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0764 [FBbt_20004480]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0764 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the prow (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0769 [FBbt_20004484]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0769 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the prow (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is serotonin (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0783 [FBbt_20004494]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0783 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral-lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0789 [FBbt_20004500]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0789 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0804 [FBbt_20004513]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0804 group, with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope and the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0810 [FBbt_20004517]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0810 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral-lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0831 [FBbt_20004534]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0831 group, with its soma in the brain, posterior to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0835 [FBbt_20004538]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0835 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0836 [FBbt_20004539]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0836 group, with its soma in the brain, posterior-ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the prow, the gnathal ganglia and the ipsilateral flange (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0838 [FBbt_20004540]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0838 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0845 [FBbt_20004545]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0845 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0861 [FBbt_20004558]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0861 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0871 [FBbt_20004567]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0871 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0873 [FBbt_20004569]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0873 group, with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0875 [FBbt_20004571]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0875 group, with its soma in the brain, near to the flange (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0882 [FBbt_20004577]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0882 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0886 [FBbt_20004581]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0886 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the wedge (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia and the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0899 [FBbt_20004592]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0899 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral-lateral to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0901 [FBbt_20004594]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0901 group, with its soma in the brain, lateral to the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope and the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0904 [FBbt_20004597]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0904 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the antennal lobe (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0913 [FBbt_20004606]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0913 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0914 [FBbt_20004607]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0914 group, with its soma in the brain, anterior to the prow (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0915 [FBbt_20004608]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0915 group, with its soma in the brain, anterior to the prow (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0916 [FBbt_20004609]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0916 group, with its soma in the brain, posterior to the inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It is a putative embryonic-born neuron (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia and the ipsilateral inferior posterior slope (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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CB0918 [FBbt_20004611]

Adult motor neuron of the CB0918 group, with its soma in the brain, ventral to the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It belongs to the MX12 prim hemilineage (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). It has postsynapses in the gnathal ganglia (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism (Schlegel et al., 2024; Dorkenwald et al., 2024).

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circular muscle of uterus motor neuron [FBbt_00053577]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the circular muscle of the uterus with type I glutamatergic terminals (Cury and Axel, 2023). It has its soma in the abdominal neuromere and fasciculates with the abdominal nerve trunk and abdominal nerve of the uterus (Middleton et al., 2006; Cury and Axel, 2023). Its activity can cause contraction of the uterus and egg expulsion (Cury and Axel, 2023). There is one of these cells on each side (Cury and Axel, 2023).

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crop-innervating enteric motor neuron [FBbt_00053575]

Glutamatergic motor neuron with its soma in the brain that extends a process along the esophagus and innervates the entry segments of the crop duct (Cui et al., 2024). Its activity closes the crop duct and it is inhibited during ingestion of sucrose (Cui et al., 2024). It is not sexually dimorphic (Cui et al., 2024).

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CvN_MN6 [FBbt_00053209]

Adult neck muscle motor neuron that innervates the ventral lateral neck muscle 1 via the cervical nerve (Gorko et al., 2024). It has its soma and bilateral arborization in the subesophageal zone (Gorko et al., 2024). Arbors extend further dorsally in the ipsilateral hemisphere and it descends on the contralateral side (Gorko et al., 2024). It receives input from lobula plate tangential neurons (Gorko et al., 2024).

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CvN_MN7 [FBbt_00053210]

Adult neck muscle motor neuron that innervates the ventral lateral neck muscle 1 via the cervical nerve (Gorko et al., 2024). It has its soma and bilateral arborization in the subesophageal zone (Gorko et al., 2024). Arbors extend further dorsally and are denser in the ipsilateral hemisphere and it descends on the contralateral side (Gorko et al., 2024). It receives input from lobula plate tangential neurons (Gorko et al., 2024).

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CvN_MN8 [FBbt_00053211]

Adult neck muscle motor neuron that innervates the ventral lateral neck muscle 1 via the cervical nerve (Gorko et al., 2024). It has its soma and bilateral arborization in the subesophageal zone (Gorko et al., 2024). Arbors extend to the level of the esophageal foramen and are roughly symmetrical, but denser in the ipsilateral hemisphere, and it descends on the contralateral side (Gorko et al., 2024).

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DA3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110231]

Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00110232). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. The DA3 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U4 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf).

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DLMN1 [FBbt_00004075]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle 1 (45f) (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its soma is found ipsilateral to its innervated muscle, ventrally at the border between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres, clustered with the somas of DLMN2-4 (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its large soma is in a relatively dorsal anterior position within the cluster (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). A branch travels towards the dorsal midline of the mesothoracic neuromere and has dendritic arborization mainly ipsilaterally, with some also contralaterally (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988).

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DLMN2 [FBbt_00004076]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle 2 (45e) (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its soma is found ipsilateral to its innervated muscle, ventrally at the border between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres, clustered with the somas of DLMN1, 3 and 4 (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its large soma is in a relatively dorsal posterior position within the cluster (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). A branch travels towards the dorsal midline of the mesothoracic neuromere and has dendritic arborization mainly ipsilaterally, with some also contralaterally (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988).

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DLMN3 [FBbt_00004077]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle 3 (45d) (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its soma is found ipsilateral to its innervated muscle, ventrally at the border between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres, clustered with the somas of DLMN1, 2 and 4 (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its large soma is in a relatively ventral anterior position within the cluster (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). A branch travels towards the dorsal midline of the mesothoracic neuromere and has dendritic arborization mainly ipsilaterally, with some also contralaterally (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988).

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DLMN4 [FBbt_00004078]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle 4 (45c) (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its soma is found ipsilateral to its innervated muscle, ventrally at the border between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres, clustered with the somas of DLMN1-3 (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its large soma is in a relatively ventral posterior position within the cluster (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). A branch travels towards the dorsal midline of the mesothoracic neuromere and has dendritic arborization mainly ipsilaterally, with some also contralaterally (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988).

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DLMN5 [FBbt_00004079]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscles 5 and 6 (45a and b) (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). It has a very large soma, located contralateral to its innervated muscles, near the dorsal midline between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its dendrites are mainly contralateral, but also some ipsilateral, to its soma, in the dorsal mesothoracic neuromere (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988).

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DO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110225]

Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00110226). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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DO2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110228]

Larval motor neuron that develops from neuroblast NB7-1 and innervates dorsal oblique muscle 2 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve and its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. Based on cell body position, the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to the U3 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to U2.

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DO3 motor neuron [FBbt_00011548]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal oblique muscle 3 (muscle 11). There are muscles referred to as dorsal oblique 3 in segments T1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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DO4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110238]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal oblique muscle 4 (muscle 19). There are muscles referred to as dorsal oblique 4 in segments T1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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dorsal tp motor neuron [FBbt_00004071]

Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates tergopleural muscle 1, ipsilaterally. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has one primary branch and a small spherical soma, mediolateral and ventral to the root of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a tufted morphology. It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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dorsal ventral indirect flight muscle motor neuron 1 [FBbt_00052772]

Motor neuron that innervates a tergosternal (DVM1) muscle, ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found relatively ventrally in the anterior mesothoracic neuromere and its central arbors are found mainly ipsilaterally in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, with some fibers crossing the midline (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). There are three of these cells on each side (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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dorsal ventral indirect flight muscle motor neuron 2 [FBbt_00052773]

Motor neuron that innervates a coxal tergal remotor (DVM2) muscle, ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is in the posterior mesothoracic neuromere and its central arbors are found mainly ipsilaterally in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic neuromere (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). There are two of these cells on each side (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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dorsal ventral indirect flight muscle motor neuron 3 [FBbt_00052774]

Motor neuron that innervates a lateral oblique dorsal (DVM3) muscle, ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is located between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres and its central arbors are found mainly ipsilaterally in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, with some fibers crossing the midline (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). There are two of these cells on each side (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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dorsal VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00110295]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron developing from the VUM midline precursor. It innervates the dorsal oblique and acute muscles. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).

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DT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110277]

Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some dorsal transverse muscle (FBbt:00000471). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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DVMN [FBbt_00048112]

Motor neuron that innervates a dorsal longitudinal indirect flight muscle. They have dendritic arbors in the medial dorsal mesothoracic neuromere (wing neuropil) that extend into both hemispheres (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988; O’Sullivan et al., 2018). They all exit the mesothoracic neuromere via the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). DLMN1-4 are similar to each other, having clustered somas and each innervating an ipsilateral muscle (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). DLMN5 innervates two contralateral (to its soma) muscles and has its soma separate from DLMN1-4 (Ikeda and Koenig, 1988). Activation of these neurons increases wing stroke amplitude during flight (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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DVMN1 [FBbt_00052772]

Motor neuron that innervates a tergosternal (DVM1) muscle, ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found relatively ventrally in the anterior mesothoracic neuromere and its central arbors are found mainly ipsilaterally in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, with some fibers crossing the midline (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). There are three of these cells on each side (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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DVMN3 [FBbt_00052774]

Motor neuron that innervates a lateral oblique dorsal (DVM3) muscle, ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is located between the pro- and meso-thoracic neuromeres and its central arbors are found mainly ipsilaterally in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, with some fibers crossing the midline (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). There are two of these cells on each side (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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early-born lineage 24 intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053064]

Adult motor neuron that is the first-born secondary motor neuron of lineage 24 and innervates an intracoxal trochanter levator muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There is one of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere, with its soma in the anterior cell body rind region (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arbors are predominantly in the intermediate-lateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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early-born lineage 24 intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053064]

Adult motor neuron that is the first-born secondary motor neuron of lineage 24 and innervates an intracoxal trochanter levator muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There is one of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere, with its soma in the anterior cell body rind region (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arbors are predominantly in the intermediate-lateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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embryonic/larval motor neuron [FBbt_00007675]

Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that is part of some embryonic/larval nervous system (FBbt:00001911). Larval motor neurons are generally named according to the muscle(s) they innervate, meaning that their soma location may be in the same segment (segmental nerve neurons), or the next anterior segment (intersegmental nerve neurons) than given in the motor neuron name.

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fast tibia flexor motor neuron (R81A07-Gal4) (T1LEG:611078) [VFB_00102efb]

labeled by R81A07-Gal4, femoral motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); fast tibial depressor motor neuron; is part of; female organism; fast tibia flexor motor neuron (R81A07-Gal4) (T1LEG:611078); overlaps; prothoracic leg; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]

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fast tibial depressor motor neuron [FBbt_00052589]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the large fibers of the tibial depressor muscle in the middle of the leg (Azevedo et al., 2020). There is one of these cells per leg and it has the largest axon of any motor neuron in the femur (Azevedo et al., 2020; Kuan et al., 2020).

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fast tibial extensor motor neuron [FBbt_00053120]

Tibial extensor (levator) motor neuron with broad dendritic arbors in the ipsilateral leg neuropil and a more prominent medially-directed branch compared to the slow tibial extensor (Azevedo et al., 2022). It receives a very large number of synaptic inputs (Azevedo et al., 2022). It innervates proximal fibers of the tibial levator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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fast tibial extensor motor neuron [FBbt_00053120]

Tibial extensor (levator) motor neuron with broad dendritic arbors in the ipsilateral leg neuropil and a more prominent medially-directed branch compared to the slow tibial extensor (Azevedo et al., 2024). It receives a very large number of synaptic inputs (Azevedo et al., 2024). It innervates proximal fibers of the tibial levator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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femoral depressor motor neuron Tr2 [FBbt_00052590]

Adult motor neuron that projects to the trochanter and innervates the femoral depressor muscle (Baek and Mann, 2009). There is one of these cells per leg (Baek and Mann, 2009; Kuan et al., 2020). It is a lineage 24 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arborization is mainly in the ventrolateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053062]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the femoral pretarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There are approximately five of these per hemineuromere, with some being born embryonically and some being lineage 15 secondary neurons (Brierley et al., 2012).

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femoral pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron [FBbt_00053071]

Adult secondary motor neuron that innervates the femoral pretarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is a lineage 15 neuron, born slightly before the tibial pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arborization is mainly found in the ipsilateral leg neuropil, with a prominent posterior branch extending a short distance into the contralateral hemineuromere (Brierley et al., 2012).

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femoral pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron [FBbt_00053071]

Adult secondary motor neuron that innervates the femoral pretarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is a lineage 15 neuron, born slightly before the tibial pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arborization is mainly found in the ipsilateral leg neuropil, with a prominent posterior branch extending a short distance into the contralateral hemineuromere (Brierley et al., 2012).

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flight control muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00052770]

Flight muscle that innervates a flight control muscle. Unlike the power muscles, control muscles contract synchronously with motor neuron impulses (Dickinson and Tu, 1997). There is one motor neuron per control muscle, plus the tpn motor neuron, which innervates tp2 and sometimes tp1 (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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flight control muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00052770]

Flight muscle that innervates a flight control muscle. Unlike the power muscles, control muscles contract synchronously with motor neuron impulses (Dickinson and Tu, 1997). There is one motor neuron per control muscle, plus the tpn motor neuron, which innervates tp2 and sometimes tp1 (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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haltere axillary muscle I1 motor neuron [FBbt_00052745]

Motor neuron that innervates axillary muscle I1 of the haltere (Dickerson et al., 2019; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found in the ventrolateral metathoracic neuromere and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal anterior metathoracic neuromere (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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haltere axillary muscle I2 motor neuron [FBbt_00052746]

Motor neuron that innervates axillary muscle I2 of the haltere (Dickerson et al., 2019; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found in the lateral metathoracic neuromere and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal anterior metathoracic neuromere (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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hg1_MN [FBbt_00047246]

Motor neuron that innervates the external muscle of fourth axillary hg1, ipsilaterally (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its large soma is found in the ventral mesothoracic neuromere and it has dense arborization, restricted to the ipsilateral hemisphere, in the dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, including the wing neuropil (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In males, it is required for normal sine song (Shirangi et al., 2013; Ehrhardt et al., 2023) and also plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018). It is a fruitless vMS2 neuron (Cheong et al., 2024).

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hg2_MN [FBbt_00048111]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal muscle of the fourth axillary 58b (hg2), ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Within the ventral nerve cord, it arborizes in the dorsal mesothoracic neuropil, including the wing neuropil, with greater innervation of the contralateral side (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the male, it plays a role in pulse and sine song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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hg3_MN [FBbt_00052727]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal muscle of the fourth axillary 58a (hg3) (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, it has roughly symmetrical arborization in both hemispheres of the dorsomedial neuropil and an extra ipsilateral lateral arbor (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the male, its activity affects pulse song (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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I1 motor neuron [FBbt_00004070]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of first axillary 53. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has one primary branch. It has a spherical soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 53, ventral to the point at which the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve exits the ventral nerve cord. It has a fibrous morphology.

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I1_MN [FBbt_00004070]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of first axillary 53 (I1), ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a roughly spherical soma, found ventral to the point at which the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve exits the ventral nerve cord (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a large, medially-directed neurite that branches just before reaching the midline. One branch projects ventrally, close to the midline, another arborizes dorsal to the medial region of the mesothoracic leg neuropil with some extensions into the root of the dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve, and another forms arbors in the anterior and posterior wing neuropil (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Its central arbors remain ipsilateral (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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I2_MN [FBbt_00048109]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of first axillary 56 (I2), ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found in the ventral mesothoracic neuromere (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). It has dense arbors in the ipsilateral anterior dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, including the wing neuropil, with some fibers extending slightly into the contralateral hemisphere (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the male, it plays a role in courtship song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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III1 motor neuron [FBbt_00004069]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary 54. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has four primary branches: medial, anterior lateral and dorsal lateral. It has a teardrop-shaped soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 54, ventral to the root of the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has a fibrous morphology.

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III1_MN [FBbt_00004069]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary 54 (III1), ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a teardrop-shaped soma, found ventral to the root of the accessory mesothoracic nerve, through which its axon exits the ventral nerve cord, and dorsal to the mesothoracic leg nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Within the ventral nerve cord, it has a large branch that forms arbors in the medial mesothoracic neuromere and a branch that projects anteriorly through the lateral mesothoracic neuromere (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It remains predominantly ipsilateral, but some fibers may just reach the contralateral hemisphere (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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III3 motor neuron [FBbt_00004067]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary 55. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has three primary branches, two of which larger than the other: the medial, lateral and inconsistent branches, respectively. It has a large tear-shaped soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 55, ventral to the root of the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has a stubbly morphology.

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III3_MN [FBbt_00004067]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary III3, ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a large tear-shaped soma, found ventral to the root of the accessory mesothoracic nerve, through which its axon leaves the ventral nerve cord, and dorsal to the mesothoracic leg nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Within the ventral nerve cord, its neurites are found in the dorsal neuropil, with one branch projecting medially and another running anteriorly through the lateral part of the mesothoracic neuromere (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). A posterior branch also projects to, and arborizes in, the root of the dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). All of these neurites remain ipsilateral (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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indirect flight muscle motor neuron MN1 [FBbt_00004075]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45f. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45f, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.

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indirect flight muscle motor neuron MN2 [FBbt_00004076]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45e. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45e, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.

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indirect flight muscle motor neuron MN3 [FBbt_00004077]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45d. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45d, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.

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indirect flight muscle motor neuron MN4 [FBbt_00004078]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45c. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45c, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.

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indirect flight muscle motor neuron MN5 [FBbt_00004079]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45b and dorsal medial muscle 45a. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a very large soma, located contralateral to dorsal medial muscles 45a and 45b, near the midline.

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ISN motor neuron of A1-7 [FBbt_00110216]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve. Except for RP2 (dorsal motor neuron) their somas are located in the next anterior segment to the muscles they innervate (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located anteriorly to the dendritic domain of the motorneurons that innervate external muscles. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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ISN motor neuron of the intermediate neuropil of A1-7 [FBbt_00110218]

Motor neuron that innervates the ventral and lateral ISN innervated muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron extends from the lateral to the intermediate regions. The lateral, intermediate and medial neuropil fields follow a set of evenly distributed longitudinal fascicles that are labelled by anti-Fas2 antibody (Landgraf et al., 2003). The motor neuron MN-DA2, unlike other ISN motor neurons, has dendrites in the intermediate and lateral regions (Mauss et al., 2009).

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ISN motor neuron of the lateral neuropil of A1-7 [FBbt_00110217]

Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal ISN innervated muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located in the lateral neuropile. The lateral, intermediate and medial neuropil fields follow a set of evenly distributed longitudinal fascicles that are labelled by anti-Fas2 antibody (Landgraf et al., 2003). The motor neuron MN-DA2, unlike other ISN motor neurons, has dendrites in the intermediate and lateral regions (Mauss et al., 2009).

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ISN motor neuron of the medial neuropil of A1-7 [FBbt_00110219]

Motor neuron that innervates the most ventral ISN innervated muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron extends from the lateral to the medial regions. The lateral, intermediate and medial neuropil fields follow a set of evenly distributed longitudinal fascicles that are labelled by anti-Fas2 antibody (Landgraf et al., 2003).

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larval A1-7-innervating DA1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110220]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). By embryonic stage 16, it has a short contralaterally projecting neurite extending into the posterior commissure.

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larval A1-7-innervating DA2 motor neuron [FBbt_00002311]

Larval DO1 motor neuron that innervates a muscle of segments A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral and intermediate domains of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA2 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). The muscle it innervates is one segment posterior to its soma (Zarin and Labrador, 2019).

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larval A1-7-innervating DA3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110233]

Larval DA3 motor neuron that innervates a muscle of segments A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating DO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00002303]

Larval DO1 motor neuron that innervates a muscle of segments A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domains of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO1 muscle of the next posterior segment to its soma with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin and Labrador, 2019).

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larval A1-7-innervating DO2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110230]

Larval DO2 motor neuron that innervates a muscle in segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO2 muscle with type Ib boutons.

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larval A1-7-innervating DO3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110237]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 3 (DO3) in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. It develops from neuroblast NB3-2 (Landgraf et al., 1997). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating DO4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110240]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 4 (DO4) in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. It develops from neuroblast NB3-2 (Landgraf et al., 1997). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO4 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Kohsaka et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating dorsal VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00002239]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates internal dorsal acute (DA1,2,3) and dorsal oblique (1,2,3,4,5) muscles as well as lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and dorsal transverse muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a similar central arborization pattern to the lateral and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating DT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110278]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the dorsal transverse muscle 1 (DT1) of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior intersegmental nerve root, fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, and innervates the DT1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Although it innervates an external muscle, its soma is clustered with those of the internal muscle-innervating neurons in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 2003). Its dendritic arborizations are found with those of other external muscle-innervating neurons, connected via a long posterior projection (Landgraf et al., 2003).

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larval A1-7-innervating ISN motor neuron [FBbt_00110216]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve. Except for RP2 (dorsal motor neuron) their somas are located in the next anterior segment to the muscles they innervate (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located anteriorly to the dendritic domain of the motorneurons that innervate external muscles.

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larval A1-7-innervating lateral VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00002255]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse (LT1,2,3,4) muscles, as well as the segment border muscle and lateral oblique muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. These neurons have a similar central arborization pattern to the dorsal and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating LL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110235]

Larval DO1 motor neuron that innervates a muscle of segments A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the LL1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating LO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110274]

Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-3 lineage that innervates the external lateral oblique muscle 1 of abdominal segments 1 to 7. The motor neuron exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LO1 muscle with type Ib boutons.

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larval A1-7-innervating LT1/LT2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110263]

Larval LT1/LT2 motor neuron that innervates the LT1 and LT2 muscles of an abdominal 1-7 segment. It fasciculates with the SNa nerve branch and innervates muscles in the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kim et al., 2009).

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larval A1-7-innervating LT2/LT3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110266]

Larval LT2/LT3 motor neuron that innervates the LT2 and LT3 muscles of an abdominal 1-7 segment. It fasciculates with the SNa nerve branch and innervates muscles in the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kim et al., 2009).

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larval A1-7-innervating LT3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110269]

Larval LT3 motor neuron that innervates only the lateral transverse muscle 3 in an A1-7 segment. It fasciculates with the SNa nerve branch, alongside other LT-innervating motor neurons, and innervates the LT3 muscle in the same segment as its soma with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Wang et al., 2022).

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larval A1-7-innervating LT3/LT4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110272]

Larval LT3/LT4 motor neuron that innervates the LT3 and LT4 muscles of an abdominal 1-7 segment. It fasciculates with the SNa nerve branch and innervates muscles in the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001).

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larval A1-7-innervating RP2 motor neuron [FBbt_00002207]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute, dorsal oblique and LL1 muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (Landgraf et al., 2003) via excitatory type Is boutons (Mauss et al., 2009). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve (ISN). Unlike other ISN neurons, its soma is located in the same segment as the muscles it innervates (Zarin and Labrador, 2019).

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larval A1-7-innervating RP5 motor neuron [FBbt_00002231]

Motor neuron that innervates the ventral oblique muscles VO1, 2, 4 and 5 and ventral longitudinal muscles VL1-4 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type Is boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Mauss et al., 2009). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNb branch, and innervates muscles in the next posterior segment to its soma (Zarin and Labrador, 2019).

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larval A1-7-innervating SBM motor neuron [FBbt_00110276]

Motor neuron developing from the neuroblast NB2-4 lineage that innervates the external segment border muscle of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Schmid et al., 1999). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve SNa branch and innervates the SBM muscle of the same segment with type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin and Labrador, 2019).

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larval A1-7-innervating SN motor neuron [FBbt_00110214]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the segmental nerve. Its soma is located in the same segment as the muscle it innervates. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located posteriorly to the dendritic domain of the ISN motor neurons.

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larval A1-7-innervating V motor neuron [FBbt_00110302]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast 5-2 and innervates the ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It fasciculates with the ISNb intersegmental nerve branch, innervating VL1 via type III boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin et al., 2019). It soma is one segment anterior to the muscle it innervates, in the contralateral hemineuromere (Landgraf et al., 1997).

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larval A1-7-innervating VA1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110254]

Motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNc nerve branch. These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval A1-7-innervating ventral VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00002247]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique (VO1,2,4,5,6) and ventral longitudinal (VL1,2) muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (except VO6, which is only present in A2-7) via type II boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a similar central arborization pattern to the dorsal and lateral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).

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larval A1-7-innervating VL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00047470]

Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in one of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to the muscle it innervates, the next anterior neuromere, and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kohsaka et al., 2012). During metamorphosis, VL1 muscles in abdominal segments 1 and 2 develop into temporary eclosion muscles, with some remodeling of the corresponding VL1 motor neurons, which become adult persistent 12-Ib motor neurons (Banerjee et al., 2016). The VL1 neurons found in (at least) abdominal neuromeres 2-4 die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval A1-7-innervating VL2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110292]

Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A1-7 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). It innervates the muscle of the segment immediately posterior to its soma (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron (at least in neuromeres T3-A3) switches targets and becomes adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval A1-7-innervating VL3/4 motor neuron [FBbt_00002215]

RP3 motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral longitudinal muscles 3 and 4 of A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch. Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997). These neurons (at least in T3-A3 neuromeres) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval A1-7-innervating VO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00002223]

RP4 neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 1 (VO1; muscle 30) of segments A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch. Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997). The VO1 neuron found in the metathoracic neuromere switches muscle targets during metamorphosis to become adult persistent motor neuron 30-Ib (Banerjee et al., 2016). The VO1 cells of (at least) abdominal neuromeres 1-3 die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval A1-7-innervating VO2 motor neuron [FBbt_00002199]

RP1 motor neuron of A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the VO2 muscle (Mauss et al., 2009) via type Ib boutons. Its cell body is located in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997). During metamorphosis, these neurons that have cell bodies in the metathoracic or abdominal 1 neuromeres are re-targeted to innervate temporary eclosion muscle VL2 and become adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib (Banerjee et al., 2016). The abdominal 2 and 3 neurons die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval A1-7-innervating VO3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110284]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-2 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 3 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch and innervates the VO3 muscle with type Ib boutons. These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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larval DA1 motor neuron [FBbt_00001447]

Motor neuron that is born from the first GMC to bud from neuroblast NB1-1 (GMC1-1a) in thoracic and abdominal segments and is part of the Notch OFF hemilineage (Skeath and Doe, 1998). It has a large round cell body that sits at the dorsal surface of the CNS, in the next anterior segment to the muscle it innervates, just posterior to the posterior commissure and longitudinal connective (Schmid et al., 1999; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). It innervates dorsal acute muscle 1 (DA1; muscle 1) (Landgraf et al., 1997). It expresses even-skipped (Manning et al., 2012).

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larval DA2 motor neuron [FBbt_00001567]

Larval motor neuron that innervates dorsal acute muscle 2 (muscle 2) via type Ib synapses (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Meng et al., 2019). It is the third-born U neuron, developing from the third ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 (Cleary and Doe, 2006; Seroka et al., 2020). It has a monopolar morphology and its dendrites remain ipsilateral (Seroka and Doe, 2019; Meng et al., 2019).

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larval DA3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110231]

Larval motor neuron that innervates dorsal acute muscle 3 (muscle 3) via type Ib synapses (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Meng et al., 2019). It is the fourth-born U neuron, developing from the fifth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 (Seroka et al., 2020). It has a monopolar morphology and its dendrites remain ipsilateral (Seroka and Doe, 2019; Meng et al., 2019).

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larval DC1 motor neuron [FBbt_00052524]

Larval primary motor neuron that innervates the ventral internal muscle 1 (muscle 31), which is only found in the first abdominal segment (Schmid et al., 1999). It develops from NB1-2 in the metathoracic segment, where its soma is found, and it fasciculates with the ISNb (Schmid et al., 1999).

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larval DO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110225]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the dorsal oblique muscle 1 (muscle 9) via type Ib synapses (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Meng et al., 2019). It it the first born U neuron, developing from the first ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 (Cleary and Doe, 2006; Meng et al., 2019; Seroka et al., 2020). It has a bipolar morphology and a contralateral dendritic arbor (Seroka and Doe, 2019; Meng et al., 2019).

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larval DO2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110228]

Larval motor neuron that innervates dorsal oblique muscle 2 (muscle 10) via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Meng et al., 2019). It is the second-born U neuron, developing from the second ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 (Cleary and Doe, 2006; Meng et al., 2019; Seroka et al., 2020). It has a bipolar morphology and a contralateral dendritic arbor (Seroka and Doe, 2019; Meng et al., 2019). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve and its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin and Labrador, 2019).

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larval DO5 motor neuron [FBbt_00110241]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 5 (DO5), which is found only in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. It develops from neuroblast NB3-2 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO5 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012).

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00002240]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 2.

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00002241]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 4.

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00002242]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 3.

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00002243]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 1.

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00002244]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral longitudinal muscle 1.

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00002245]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 3.

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larval dorsal VUM motor neuron of abdominal 7 neuromere [FBbt_00002246]

Larval dorsal VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 1.

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larval internal muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00051430]

Larval motor neuron (MN) that innervates an internal muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003). They tend to follow the intersegmental nerve and have dendritic arborizations in the next anterior neuromere to the target muscle, with ventral muscle MNs most anterior, then dorsal, then lateral muscle MNs (Landgraf et al., 2003).

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larval internal muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00051430]

Larval motor neuron (MN) that innervates an internal muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003). They tend to follow the intersegmental nerve and have dendritic arborizations in the next anterior neuromere to the target muscle, with ventral muscle MNs most anterior, then dorsal, then lateral muscle MNs (Landgraf et al., 2003).

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00002256]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a abdominal 1 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 2.

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00002257]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a abdominal 2 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral oblique muscle 1.

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00002258]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a abdominal 3 segment border muscle cell.

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00002259]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a abdominal 4 segment border muscle cell.

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00002260]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a abdominal 5 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 4.

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00002261]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a abdominal 6 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 4.

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larval lateral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 7 neuromere [FBbt_00002262]

Larval lateral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a abdominal 7 segment border muscle cell and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 3.

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larval LL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110234]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the lateral longitudinal muscle 1 via type Ib synapses (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Meng et al., 2019). It is the last-born U neuron, developing from the sixth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 (Seroka et al., 2020). It has a monopolar morphology and its dendrites remain ipsilateral (Seroka and Doe, 2019; Meng et al., 2019).

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larval LT1/LT2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110261]

Larval motor neuron that develops from NB2-2 and innervates the lateral transverse muscles 1 and 2 via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kim et al., 2009). It has ipsilateral dendrites that extend anteriorly in the dorsolateral neuropil (Landgraf et al., 1997; Landgraf et al., 2003; Kim et al., 2009). Its axon fasciculates with the ipsilateral segmental nerve, innervating muscles of the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kim et al., 2009).

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larval LT2/LT3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110264]

Larval motor neuron that develops from NB2-2 and innervates the lateral transverse muscles 2 and 3 via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kim et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2022). It arborizes in the ipsilateral neuropil, and its axon fasciculates with the ipsilateral segmental nerve, innervating muscles of the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kim et al., 2009).

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larval LT3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110267]

Larval motor neuron of the NB3-2 lineage that innervates only lateral transverse muscle 3, via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Wang et al., 2022). It arborizes in the ipsilateral neuropil, and its axon fasciculates with the ipsilateral segmental nerve, innervating a muscle of the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997).

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larval LT3/LT4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110270]

Larval motor neuron that develops from NB3-2 and innervates the lateral transverse muscles 3 and 4 via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Wang et al., 2022). It arborizes in the ipsilateral neuropil, and its axon fasciculates with the ipsilateral segmental nerve, innervating muscles of the same segment as its soma (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al, 1999; Hoang and Chiba, 2001).

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larval mesothoracic VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00047566]

Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T2 and T1. It also innervates the anterior part of T3 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM2sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM2isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012).

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larval metathoracic VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00047567]

Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T3 and T2. It also innervates the anterior part of A1 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM3sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM3isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012).

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larval NB1-1 segmental nerve primary motor neuron [FBbt_00001534]

Larval primary motor neuron that develops from neuroblast NB1-1 and fasciculates with the segmental nerve (Bossing et al., 1996). It is the second motor neuron to arise from NB1-1 and is only found in thoracic segments (Bossing et al., 1996; Rickert et al., 2018). Its axon terminates amongst ventrolateral muscles without a detectable end-plate (Bossing et al., 1996).

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larval NB3-2 intersegmental nerve anterior root primary motor neuron [FBbt_00001549]

Larval primary motor neuron that develops from NB3-2 and exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve (Bossing et al., 1996). These neurons collectively innervate two or three dorsal muscles of the next posterior segment (Bossing et al., 1996).

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larval prothoracic VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00047565]

Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval prothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T1 and the posterior subesophageal ganglion. It also innervates the anterior part of T2 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM1sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM1isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012).

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larval RP2 motor neuron [FBbt_00001453]

Motor neuron that innervates a range of dorsal muscles via type Is boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Landgraf et al., 2003; Kim et al., 2009). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, but unusually, innervates muscles in the same segment as its cell body (Landgraf et al., 1997, Landgraf et al., 2003). Its large soma is located at the extreme dorsal surface of the CNS above the junction of the anterior commissure and the longitudinal connective (Schmid et al., 1999). It expresses even-skipped (Manning et al., 2012). It is the first-born progeny of neuroblast NB4-2 and is found in thoracic and abdominal (A1-A9), but not gnathal, segments (Birkholz et al., 2013; Rickert et al., 2018).

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00002208]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 2.

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00002209]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 4.

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00002210]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 3.

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00002211]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 1.

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00002212]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral longitudinal muscle 1.

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00002213]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral longitudinal muscle 1.

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larval RP2 motor neuron of abdominal 7 neuromere [FBbt_00002214]

Larval RP2 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal transverse muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 2.

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larval RP5 motor neuron [FBbt_00001457]

Most anteriorly located larval RP motor neuron, developing from neuroblast NB3-1 (Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates all ventral longitudinal (VL) and ventral oblique (VO) muscles except for VO3 and VO6 (muscles 6, 7, 12-16 and 30) in abdominal segments and all ventral longitudinal muscles (VL1-4; muscles 6, 7 ,12 and 13) in thoracic segments (Schmid et al., 1999, Mauss et al., 2009).

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larval RP5 motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00002233]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 2 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 1.

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larval RP5 motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00002234]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 3 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval RP5 motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00002235]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 4 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 2.

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larval RP5 motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00002236]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 5 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval RP5 motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00002237]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 6 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 2.

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larval RP5 motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00002238]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 7 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval RP5 motor neuron of metathoracic neuromere [FBbt_00002232]

Larval RP5 motor neuron with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 1 segment. It forms type Is synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval VA2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110255]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 2 (muscle 27) via a type Ib bouton (Zarin et al., 2019). Muscles referred to as VA2 exist in segments A1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). The neuron exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNc nerve branch (Landgraf et al., 1997). It has its soma in the same segment as the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012).

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larval VA3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110258]

Motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 3 (muscle 29) via type Ib synapses (Zarin et al., 2019). Muscles referred to as VA3 exist in segments A1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve, fasciculating with the SNc branch (Landgraf et al., 1997). The muscle it innervates is in the same segment as its cell body (Landgraf et al., 2003).

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00002248]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 2.

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00002249]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 1.

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00002250]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 1.

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00002251]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 2.

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00002252]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 1.

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00002253]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 2.

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larval ventral VUM motor neuron of abdominal 7 neuromere [FBbt_00002254]

Larval ventral VUM motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 7 neuromere. It forms type II synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 1 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 1.

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larval VL3 motor neuron of larval abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00052548]

Larval VL3/VL4 motor neuron that has its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere and innervates the VL3 muscle of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It may also innervate VL4 in the same segment, to a lesser extent (Wang et al., 2022). Around 70% also innervate VL4 (Wang et al., 2022).

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larval VL3 motor neuron of larval abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00052548]

Larval VL3/VL4 motor neuron that has its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere and innervates the VL3 muscle of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It may also innervate VL4 in the same segment, to a lesser extent (Wang et al., 2022).

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron [FBbt_00001455]

Larval motor neuron of the NB3-1 lineage that innervates ventral longitudinal muscles 3 and/or 4 (Schmid et al., 1999, Mauss et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2022). In each A1 hemineuromere, there are two of these cells, which may innervate one or both muscles, in other hemineuromeres, these is only one of these cells, which innervates both muscles (Wang et al., 2022).

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00002218]

Larval VL3/4 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 3 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00002219]

Larval VL3/4 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 4 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00002220]

Larval VL3/4 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 5 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00002221]

Larval VL3/4 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 6 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00002222]

Larval VL3/4 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 7 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 4.

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larval VL3/4 motor neuron of metathoracic neuromere [FBbt_00002216]

Larval VL3/4 motor neuron with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 1 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 3.

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larval VL4 motor neuron of larval abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00052549]

Larval VL3/VL4 motor neuron that has its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere and innervates the VL4 muscle of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It may also innervate VL3 in the same segment, to a lesser extent (Wang et al., 2022). Around 70% also innervate VL3 (Wang et al., 2022).

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larval VL4 motor neuron of larval abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00052549]

Larval VL3/VL4 motor neuron that has its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere and innervates the VL4 muscle of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It may also innervate VL3 in the same segment, to a lesser extent (Wang et al., 2022).

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larval VO4-6 motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00048853]

Larval VO4-6 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 2 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 4.

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larval VO4-6 motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00048854]

Larval VO4-6 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 3 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 6.

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larval VO4-6 motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00048855]

Larval VO4-6 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 4 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 5.

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larval VO4-6 motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00048856]

Larval VO4-6 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 5 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 5.

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larval VO4-6 motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00048857]

Larval VO4-6 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 6 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 5.

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larval VO4-6 motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00048858]

Larval VO4-6 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 7 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 4.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of abdominal 1 neuromere [FBbt_00048847]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 2 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 2 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 4.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of abdominal 2 neuromere [FBbt_00048848]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 2 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 3 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 3.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of abdominal 3 neuromere [FBbt_00048849]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 3 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 4 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 4.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of abdominal 4 neuromere [FBbt_00048850]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 4 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 5 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 5.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of abdominal 5 neuromere [FBbt_00048851]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 5 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 6 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 6 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 4.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of abdominal 6 neuromere [FBbt_00048852]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the abdominal 6 neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 7 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a muscle cell of abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 7.

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larval VO4/5 motor neuron of metathoracic neuromere [FBbt_00048846]

Larval VO4/5 motor neuron with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere. It crosses the segment boundary and innervates musculature in the abdominal 1 segment. It forms type Ib synapses to a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 5 and a muscle cell of abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 4 and a hypodermal muscle cell of larval abdominal 1.

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larval VT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110279]

Larval motor neuron of the NB4-1 lineage that innervates the external ventral transverse muscle 1 (VT1), which is only found in A2 and more posterior segments (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin et al., 2019). It migrates medially and posteriorly during embryonic development (Schmid et al., 1999). Its dendritic domain is located posterior to the dendritic domain of the ISN motor neurons (Landgraf et al., 2003). It follows the transverse nerve and synapses to the VT1 muscle in the anterior part of the of the next posterior segment via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin et al., 2019).

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larval VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00110181]

Motor neuron that develops from a VUM precursor (midline precursors 4-6) (Crews, 2019). There are three of these cells per segment (Schmid et al., 1999). They are modulatory motor neurons; in A1-7, one VUM motor neuron innervates the dorsal muscles, one innervates the ventral muscles, and one innervates the lateral muscles. These neurons are all octopaminergic and tyraminergic (Stocker et al., 2018).

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late-born lineage 24 intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053066]

Adult motor neuron that is late-born in the secondary lineage of NB4-4 (lineage 24) and innervates an intracoxal trochanter levator muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There are two of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere, with their somas in the anterior cell body rind region (Brierley et al., 2012). It has fairly broad dendritic arborization in the ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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late-born lineage 24 intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053066]

Adult motor neuron that is late-born in the secondary lineage of NB4-4 (lineage 24) and innervates an intracoxal trochanter levator muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There are two of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere, with their somas in the anterior cell body rind region (Brierley et al., 2012). It has fairly broad dendritic arborization in the ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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lateral VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00110308]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron developing from the VUM midline precursor. It innervates the lateral transverse muscles. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).

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LinB-Tr2 neuron 74261 (T1LEG:604016) [VFB_00102e11]

possible LinB-Tr2, main leg nerve, trochanteral motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; LinB-Tr2 neuron 74261 (T1LEG:604016); X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; femoral depressor motor neuron Tr2; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]

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lineage 15 secondary accessory tibial flexor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053063]

Adult lineage 15 secondary motor neuron that innervates an accessory tibial flexor (tibial reductor) muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is born after pretarsal depressor muscle motor neurons (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arbors are predominantly in the intermediate-lateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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lineage 15 secondary accessory tibial flexor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053063]

Adult lineage 15 secondary motor neuron that innervates an accessory tibial flexor (tibial reductor) muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is born after pretarsal depressor muscle motor neurons (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arbors are predominantly in the intermediate-lateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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lineage 15 secondary neuron [FBbt_00048900]

Any neuron that develops from neuroblast NB2-3 during the postembryonic phase of neurogenesis. These are all Notch OFF hemilineage neurons, as the Notch ON hemilineage is eliminated by apoptosis (Lacin et al., 2019). These are all glutamatergic motor neurons (Lacin et al., 2019).

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lineage 24 secondary femoral reductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053076]

Adult lineage 24 secondary motor neuron that innervates the femoral reductor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arborization is mainly in the ventrolateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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lineage 24 secondary neuron [FBbt_00048911]

Any neuron that develops from neuroblast NB4-4 during the postembryonic phase of neurogenesis. These are all Notch OFF hemilineage neurons, as the Notch ON hemilineage is eliminated by apoptosis (Lacin et al., 2019). These are all glutamatergic motor neurons (Lacin et al., 2019). 24B sometimes referred to as 24A in Lacin et al. (2019), but lineage 24 seems to only produce ‘B’ neurons based on Truman et al. (2010) - FBrf0209606.

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LL1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110234]

Motor neuron that innervates the lateral longitudinal muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. The LL1 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U5 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf).

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LO1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110273]

Motor neuron that innervates the external lateral oblique muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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LT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110261]

Motor neuron that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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LT2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110264]

Motor neuron that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 2. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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LT3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110267]

Motor neuron from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 3. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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LT4 motor neuron [FBbt_00110270]

Motor neuron from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 4. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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LUM9 [FBbt_00051121]

Unilateral neuron of the LUM9 group of the adult ventral nerve cord that primarily arborizes in the leg neuropil (Feng et al. 2020; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). It is a motor neuron (Feng et al. 2020; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). It has its soma in the prothoracic, mesothoracic or metathoracic neuromere (Feng et al., 2020). There are approximately 5 of these cells per hemineuromere (Feng et al., 2020).

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McKellar_SEZ_mn1 [VFB_001014po]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [proboscis muscle 1 motor neuron; McKellar_SEZ_mn1; confocal microscopy; P{VT019731-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT043075-p65.AD} expression pattern; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn10 [VFB_001014q0]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; P{VT020713-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R14H09-p65.AD} expression pattern; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; McKellar_SEZ_mn10; adult brain; is part of; proboscis muscle 10 motor neuron; male organism]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn11D [VFB_001014q1]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [McKellar_SEZ_mn11D; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; proboscis muscle 11 dorsal motor neuron; is part of; male organism; P{R10B11-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT020737-p65.AD} expression pattern]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn11V&12D [VFB_001014q2]

effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [McKellar_SEZ_mn11V&12D; P{R10E04-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT050240-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 11 ventral motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn12V [VFB_001014q3]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [McKellar_SEZ_mn12V; confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 12 ventral motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; P{GMR75F02-GAL4} ∩ P{R80D06-p65.AD} expression pattern]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn13 [VFB_001014q4]

effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 13 motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; McKellar_SEZ_mn13; male organism; P{VT034258-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT043700-p65.AD} expression pattern]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn2D [VFB_001014pp]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [P{VT064563-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R11F07-p65.AD} expression pattern; proboscis muscle 2 dorsal motor neuron; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; male organism; is part of; McKellar_SEZ_mn2D]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn2V [VFB_001014pq]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 2 ventral motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; McKellar_SEZ_mn2V; adult brain; is part of; male organism; P{R13E04-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT064563-p65.AD} expression pattern]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn3L [VFB_001014pr]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [proboscis muscle 3 lateral motor neuron; McKellar_SEZ_mn3L; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; P{R89F06-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT031145-p65.AD} expression pattern; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn3M&1 [VFB_001014ps]

effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [P{VT063630-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT025784-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 3 medial motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; McKellar_SEZ_mn3M&1]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn3M&7 [VFB_001014pt]

effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [P{R75F02-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT063630-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; proboscis muscle 3 medial motor neuron; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; McKellar_SEZ_mn3M&7]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn4 [VFB_001014pu]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; McKellar_SEZ_mn4; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; P{R45G01-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R48H12-p65.AD} expression pattern; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 4 motor neuron]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn5 [VFB_001014pv]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; P{VT043145-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT033616-p65.AD} expression pattern; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; proboscis muscle 5 motor neuron; male organism; is part of; McKellar_SEZ_mn5]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn6 [VFB_001014pw]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [proboscis muscle 6 motor neuron; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; McKellar_SEZ_mn6; adult brain; is part of; male organism; P{R81B12-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R18B07-p65.AD} expression pattern]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn7 [VFB_001014px]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [P{VT001484-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT014959-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; McKellar_SEZ_mn7; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 7 motor neuron]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn8&7 [VFB_001014py]

effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [confocal microscopy; McKellar_SEZ_mn8&7; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; P{VT015822-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT027168-p65.AD} expression pattern; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 8 motor neuron]

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McKellar_SEZ_mn9 [VFB_001014pz]

effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [P{VT005008-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT061715-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; McKellar_SEZ_mn9; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 9 motor neuron]

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mesothoracic extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053153]

Any extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle motor neuron (FBbt:00053152) that has its soma located in some cell body rind of adult mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111084). Mesothoracic ‘sternotrochanter’ MNs identified in Cheong et al. (2024) in addition to tergotrochanter MNs, but no mesothoracic sternotrochanter muscle in Miller (1950) - FBrf0186027.

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mesothoracic sternal adductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053566]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere and innervates the mesothoracic sternal adductor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There is one of these on each side and it fasciculates with the mesothoracic leg nerve (Cheong et al., 2025; Bates et al., 2025).

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mesothoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053568]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere and innervates the mesothoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There are two of these on each side and they fasciculate with the mesothoracic leg nerve (Cheong et al., 2025; Bates et al., 2025).

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mesothoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053570]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere and innervates the mesothoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There are four of these on each side and they fasciculate with the mesothoracic leg nerve (Cheong et al., 2025; Bates et al., 2025).

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mesothoracic sternotrochanter extensor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053572]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere and innervates the mesothoracic sternotrochanter extensor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There are three of these on each side and they fasciculate with the mesothoracic leg nerve (Cheong et al., 2025; Bates et al., 2025).

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mesothoracic VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00047566]

Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T2 and T1. It also innervates the anterior part of T3 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM2sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM2isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012). Innervation pattern has not been studied, so it is unclear how the three subclasses differ and whether they belong to the dorsal, lateral and ventral groups identified for abdominal neurons.

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metathoracic sternal adductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053567]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the metathoracic neuromere and innervates the metathoracic sternal adductor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There is one of these on each side and it fasciculates with the metathoracic accessory (first abdominal) nerve (Bates et al., 2025).

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metathoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053569]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the metathoracic neuromere and innervates the metathoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There are two of these on each side and they fasciculate with the metathoracic leg nerve (Bates et al., 2025).

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metathoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053571]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the metathoracic neuromere and innervates the metathoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024; Cheong et al., 2025). There are four of these on each side and they fasciculate with the metathoracic leg nerve (Bates et al., 2025).

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metathoracic VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00047567]

Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T3 and T2. It also innervates the anterior part of A1 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM3sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM3isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012). Innervation pattern has not been studied, so it is unclear how the three subclasses differ and whether they belong to the dorsal, lateral and ventral groups identified for abdominal neurons.

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MNad01 [FBbt_20011122]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad01 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad02 [FBbt_20011123]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad02 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 12 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad03 [FBbt_20011124]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad03 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad04 [FBbt_20011125]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad04 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad05 [FBbt_20011126]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad05 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad06 [FBbt_20011127]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad06 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 8 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad08 [FBbt_20011128]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad08 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad09 [FBbt_20011129]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad09 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 8 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad10 [FBbt_20011130]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad10 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 06A hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad11 [FBbt_20011131]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad11 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 8 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad12 [FBbt_20011132]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad12 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad13 [FBbt_20011133]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad13 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 12 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad14 [FBbt_20011134]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad14 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 8 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad15 [FBbt_20011135]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad15 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad16 [FBbt_20011136]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad16 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 8 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad17 [FBbt_20011137]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad17 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad18 [FBbt_20011138]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad18 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad19 [FBbt_20011139]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad19 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 06A hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad20 [FBbt_20011140]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad20 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad21 [FBbt_20011141]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad21 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad22 [FBbt_20011142]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad22 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad23 [FBbt_20011143]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad23 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad24 [FBbt_20011144]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad24 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad25 [FBbt_20011145]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad25 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in multiple regions and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad26 [FBbt_20011146]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad26 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the first abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in multiple regions and sends output to the abdominal segment 1 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad27 [FBbt_20011147]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad27 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in multiple regions and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad28 [FBbt_20011148]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad28 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 08A hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the first abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the haltere neuropil and wing neuropil and sends output to the abdominal segment 1 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad29 [FBbt_20011149]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad29 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the first abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and haltere neuropil and sends output to the abdominal segment 1 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad30 [FBbt_20011150]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad30 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad31 [FBbt_20011151]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad31 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad32 [FBbt_20011152]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad32 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad33 [FBbt_20011153]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad33 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad34 [FBbt_20011154]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad34 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad35 [FBbt_20011155]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad35 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad36 [FBbt_20011156]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad36 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad37 [FBbt_20011157]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad37 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad38 [FBbt_20011158]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad38 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad39 [FBbt_20011159]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad39 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and intermediate tectulum and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad40 [FBbt_20011160]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad40 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and haltere neuropil and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad41 [FBbt_20011161]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad41 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and haltere neuropil and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad42 [FBbt_20011162]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad42 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and haltere neuropil and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad43 [FBbt_20011163]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad43 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad44 [FBbt_20011164]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad44 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad45 [FBbt_20011165]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad45 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad46 [FBbt_20011166]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad46 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad47 [FBbt_20011167]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad47 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad48 [FBbt_20011168]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad48 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad49 [FBbt_20011169]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad49 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad50 [FBbt_20011170]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad50 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 3 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad51 [FBbt_20011171]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad51 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad52 [FBbt_20011172]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad52 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad53 [FBbt_20011173]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad53 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad54 [FBbt_20011174]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad54 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 4 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad55 [FBbt_20011175]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad55 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad56 [FBbt_20011176]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad56 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad57 [FBbt_20011177]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad57 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad58 [FBbt_20011178]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad58 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the fourth abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad59 [FBbt_20011179]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad59 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the third abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad61 [FBbt_20011180]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad61 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad62 [FBbt_20011181]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad62 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad63 [FBbt_20011182]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad63 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the second abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdominal segment 2 (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad64 [FBbt_20011183]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad64 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad65 [FBbt_20011184]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad65 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad66 [FBbt_20011185]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad66 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad67 [FBbt_20011186]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad67 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad68 [FBbt_20011187]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad68 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is gaba (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNad69 [FBbt_20011188]

Adult motor neuron of the MNad69 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the abdominal nerve trunk (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and sends output to the abdomen (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNfl10 [FBbt_20011189]

Adult motor neuron of the MNfl10 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the prothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T1 leg neuropil and sends output to the prothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the prothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl01 [FBbt_20011190]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl01 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the first abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl02 [FBbt_20011191]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl02 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the first abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl29 [FBbt_20011192]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl29 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 24B.25B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl59 [FBbt_20011193]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl59 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in multiple regions and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl60 [FBbt_20011194]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl60 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl61 [FBbt_20011195]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl61 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl62 [FBbt_20011196]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl62 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the first abdominal nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl63 [FBbt_20011197]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl63 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl64 [FBbt_20011198]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl64 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl65 [FBbt_20011199]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl65 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl66 [FBbt_20011200]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl66 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl67 [FBbt_20011201]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl67 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl68 [FBbt_20011202]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl68 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 3 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl69 [FBbt_20011203]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl69 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl70 [FBbt_20011204]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl70 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl71 [FBbt_20011205]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl71 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl72 [FBbt_20011206]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl72 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl73 [FBbt_20011207]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl73 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl74 [FBbt_20011208]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl74 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl75 [FBbt_20011209]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl75 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T3 leg neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl87 [FBbt_20011210]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl87 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 06A hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere and haltere neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNhl88 [FBbt_20011211]

Adult motor neuron of the MNhl88 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the metathoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the haltere neuropil and sends output to the metathoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the metathoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml10 [FBbt_20011212]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml10 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml29 [FBbt_20011213]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml29 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 24B.25B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml76 [FBbt_20011214]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml76 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml77 [FBbt_20011215]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml77 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml78 [FBbt_20011216]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml78 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 6 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml79 [FBbt_20011217]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml79 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml80 [FBbt_20011218]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml80 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 3 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml81 [FBbt_20011219]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml81 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml82 [FBbt_20011220]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml82 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml83 [FBbt_20011221]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml83 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml84 [FBbt_20011222]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml84 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml85 [FBbt_20011223]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml85 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 15B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNml86 [FBbt_20011224]

Adult motor neuron of the MNml86 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a primary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the mesothoracic leg nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and sends output to the mesothoracic leg (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There is approximately one of these cells per organism with its soma in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNxm01 [FBbt_20011225]

Adult motor neuron of the MNxm01 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron of the 03B hemilineage (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in multiple regions (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the prothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNxm02 [FBbt_20011226]

Adult motor neuron of the MNxm02 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the dorsal metathoracic nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the T2 leg neuropil and haltere neuropil (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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MNxm03 [FBbt_20011227]

Adult motor neuron of the MNxm03 group (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It is a secondary neuron (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It exits the VNC via the dorsal metathoracic nerve (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). It receives input in the abdominal neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024). Its predicted neurotransmitter is glutamate (Eckstein et al., 2024). There are approximately 2 of these cells per organism and their somas are found in the mesothoracic neuromere (Takemura et al., 2024; Marin et al., 2024).

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motor neuron of adult dorsal prothoracic nerve [FBbt_00053100]

Adult motor neuron that fasciculates with the dorsal prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are four of these on each side and they collectively innervate the prothoracic pleural and tergopleural promotor muscles (Azevedo et al., 2022). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022). Unclear from Azevedo et al. (2022) whether neurons innervate one or both muscles.

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motor neuron of adult dorsal prothoracic nerve [FBbt_00053100]

Adult motor neuron that fasciculates with the dorsal prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are four of these on each side and they collectively innervate the prothoracic pleural and tergopleural promotor muscles (Azevedo et al., 2024). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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muscle of Lawrence-inducing motor neuron [FBbt_00053549]

Male-specific motor neuron that targets the muscle of Lawrence (male abdominal 5 muscle) with glutamatergic type Ib boutons (Nojima et al., 2010). It has its soma in the ventral abdominal neuromere and it expresses fruitless (Nojima et al., 2010). It has extensive arborization proximally in the ipsilateral abdominal neuromere and two transmidline dendritic extensions (Nojima et al., 2010). Its activity and fruitless expression are required for the normal formation of the muscle of Lawrence during development (Nojima et al., 2010). There is one of these cells on each side (Nojima et al., 2010).

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Neuron 112666 (T1LEG:601885) [VFB_00102dx0]

femoral motor neuron, long tendon muscle 2 motor neuron [Neuron 112666 (T1LEG:601885); CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]

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neuron 117267 (T1LEG:604000) [VFB_00102e10]

main leg nerve, tibial motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron; neuron 117267 (T1LEG:604000)]

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neuron 73606 (T1LEG:610428) [VFB_00102ee4]

possible LinF-Co1, main leg nerve, coxal motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; neuron 73606 (T1LEG:610428); VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron]

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neuron 74313 (T1LEG:604249) [VFB_00102e1h]

possible LinA-Fe1, R81A04-Gal4, long tendon muscle 2 motor neuron, femoral motor neuron [neuron 74313 (T1LEG:604249); CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]

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neuron 75534 (T1LEG:610018) [VFB_00102ed8]

reviewed, tibial motor neuron, main leg nerve [CC-BY_4.0; neuron 75534 (T1LEG:610018); X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron]

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neuron 76798 (T1LEG:607176) [VFB_00102e7h]

coxal motor neuron, ventral nerve [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron; neuron 76798 (T1LEG:607176)]

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neuron 88568 (T1LEG:603831) [VFB_00102e0o]

long tendon muscle 2 motor neuron, main leg nerve, femoral motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; neuron 88568 (T1LEG:603831); X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]

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pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053060]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a pretarsal depressor (long tendon) muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There are approximately 14 of these per hemineuromere, with some being born embryonically and some being lineage 15 secondary neurons (Brierley et al., 2012).

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proboscis muscle 1 motor neuron [FBbt_00051181]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 1, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 1 motor neuron [FBbt_00051181]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 1, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 10 motor neuron [FBbt_00051191]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 10, which opens the pharynx at its junction with the esophagus (Rajashekhar and Singh, 1994; McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 10 motor neuron [FBbt_00051191]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 10, which opens the pharynx at its junction with the esophagus (Rajashekhar and Singh, 1994; McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 11 dorsal motor neuron [FBbt_00004023]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 11 dorsal, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its cell body is located in the cell body rind region around the dorsal subesophageal zone and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal subesophageal zone (Manzo et al., 2012, McKellar et al., 2020). It is involved in regulating feeding behavior (Manzo et al., 2012).

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proboscis muscle 11 dorsal motor neuron [FBbt_00004023]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 11 dorsal, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its cell body is located in the cell body rind region around the dorsal subesophageal zone and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal subesophageal zone (Manzo et al., 2012, McKellar et al., 2020). It is involved in regulating feeding behavior (Manzo et al., 2012).

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proboscis muscle 11 ventral motor neuron [FBbt_00051192]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 11 ventral, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 11 ventral motor neuron [FBbt_00051192]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 11 ventral, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 12 dorsal motor neuron [FBbt_00111299]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 12 dorsal, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its cell body is located in the cell body rind region around the dorsal subesophageal zone and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal subesophageal zone (Manzo et al., 2012, McKellar et al., 2020). It is involved in regulating feeding behavior (Manzo et al., 2012).

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proboscis muscle 12 dorsal motor neuron [FBbt_00111299]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 12 dorsal, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its cell body is located in the cell body rind region around the dorsal subesophageal zone and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal subesophageal zone (Manzo et al., 2012, McKellar et al., 2020). It is involved in regulating feeding behavior (Manzo et al., 2012).

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proboscis muscle 12 ventral motor neuron [FBbt_00051193]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 12 ventral, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 12 ventral motor neuron [FBbt_00051193]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 12 ventral, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 13 motor neuron [FBbt_00051194]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 13, which opens the junction between the salivary duct and the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone, with its dendrites extending to the esophageal foramen, and exits the brain via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 13 motor neuron [FBbt_00051194]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 13, which opens the junction between the salivary duct and the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone, with its dendrites extending to the esophageal foramen, and exits the brain via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 2 dorsal motor neuron [FBbt_00051182]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 2 dorsal, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 2 dorsal motor neuron [FBbt_00051182]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 2 dorsal, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 2 ventral motor neuron [FBbt_00051183]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 2 ventral, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 2 ventral motor neuron [FBbt_00051183]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 2 ventral, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 3 lateral motor neuron [FBbt_00051185]

Motor neuron that innervates lateral fibers of proboscis muscle 3, which flexes the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 3 lateral motor neuron [FBbt_00051185]

Motor neuron that innervates lateral fibers of proboscis muscle 3, which flexes the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 3 medial motor neuron [FBbt_00051184]

Motor neuron that innervates medial fibers of proboscis muscle 3, which flexes the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone and it arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 4 motor neuron [FBbt_00051186]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 4, which extends the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 4 motor neuron [FBbt_00051186]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 4, which extends the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 5 motor neuron [FBbt_00051187]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 5, which opens the pharynx in the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 5 motor neuron [FBbt_00051187]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 5, which opens the pharynx in the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 6 motor neuron [FBbt_00051188]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 6, which extends the labellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 7 motor neuron [FBbt_00051189]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 7, which opens the labellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 7 motor neuron [FBbt_00051189]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 7, which opens the labellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 8 motor neuron [FBbt_00051190]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 8, which opens the pharynx in the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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proboscis muscle 9 motor neuron [FBbt_00111298]

Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 9, which extends the rostrum (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes broadly in the ventral subesophageal zone, mostly ipsilaterally, and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). This neuron is required for normal proboscis extension (Gordon and Scott, 2009).

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proboscis muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00051180]

Motor neuron that innervates a proboscis muscle. It has a large soma in the rind around the subesophageal zone and dendrites in the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). Its axon projects to the proboscis via either the labial or pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).

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prothoracic accessory nerve intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053112]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle and fasciculates with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are five of these cells on each side (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic accessory nerve intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053112]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle and fasciculates with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are five of these cells on each side (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic accessory tibial flexor motor neuron [FBbt_00053133]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere and innervates the prothoracic accessory tibial flexor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). It fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are approximately ten of these on each side (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic accessory tibial flexor motor neuron [FBbt_00053133]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere and innervates the prothoracic accessory tibial flexor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). It fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are approximately ten of these on each side (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic accessory trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053114]

Motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic accessory trochanter levator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere and fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are three of these cells on each side (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic accessory trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053114]

Motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic accessory trochanter levator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere and fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are three of these cells on each side (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053059]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is an early-born lineage 15 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). It has fairly broad dendritic arborization in the ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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prothoracic extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053059]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is an early-born lineage 15 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). It has fairly broad dendritic arborization in the ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012).

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prothoracic femoral reductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053117]

Femoral reductor muscle of a prothoracic segment. It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are around six of these on each side (Azevedo et al., 2022). Two neurons per hemisphere annotated as VProN in manc, but all other femoral reductor MNs are ProLN, MesoLn or MetaLN. All of these in Azevedo et al. (2022) are ProLN.

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prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle posterior motor neuron [FBbt_00053111]

Adult motor neuron that innervates proximal fibers of the prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle and has its soma in the posterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are two of these cells on each side and they fasciculate with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle posterior motor neuron [FBbt_00053111]

Adult motor neuron that innervates proximal fibers of the prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle and has its soma in the posterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are two of these cells on each side and they fasciculate with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic pleural remotor and abductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053104]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic pleural remotor and abductor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are two of these on each side and they fasciculate with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic pleural remotor and abductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053104]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic pleural remotor and abductor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are two of these on each side and they fasciculate with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic sternal adductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053102]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic sternal adductor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). There is one of these on each side and it fasciculates with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic sternal adductor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053102]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic sternal adductor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). There is one of these on each side and it fasciculates with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053101]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are two of these on each side and they fasciculate with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053101]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic sternal anterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are two of these on each side and they fasciculate with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). It has its soma in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053103]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are four of these on each side and they fasciculate with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). It has its soma in the posterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053103]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic sternal posterior rotator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are four of these on each side and they fasciculate with the prothoracic accessory nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). It has its soma in the posterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic sternotrochanter extensor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053108]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic sternotrochanter extensor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). It fasciculates with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are two of these on each side with somas in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic sternotrochanter extensor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053108]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic sternotrochanter extensor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). It fasciculates with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are two of these on each side with somas in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic tarsal depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053070]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a tarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are two of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere and they are lineage 15 secondary neurons (Brierley et al., 2012).

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prothoracic tarsal depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053070]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a tarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are two of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere and they are lineage 15 secondary neurons (Brierley et al., 2012).

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prothoracic tarsal levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053069]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic tarsal levator muscle and has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere (Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2022). It is a lineage 15 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). It has dendritic arborization in the anterior and lateral prothoracic neuromere and fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are one or two of these cells on each side (Baek and Mann, 2009; Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic tarsal levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053069]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic tarsal levator muscle and has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere (Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2024). It is a lineage 15 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). It has dendritic arborization in the anterior and lateral prothoracic neuromere and fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are one or two of these cells on each side (Baek and Mann, 2009; Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic tarsal retro depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053067]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic tarsal retro depressor muscle and has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere (Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2022). There is one of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere and it is a late-born lineage 15 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arbors are predominantly in the ventral intermediate-lateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012) and it follows the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic tarsal retro depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053067]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic tarsal retro depressor muscle and has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere (Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2024). There is one of these cells per thoracic hemineuromere and it is a late-born lineage 15 secondary neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arbors are predominantly in the ventral intermediate-lateral ipsilateral leg neuropil (Brierley et al., 2012) and it follows the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic tergotrochanter extensor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053107]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic tergotrochanter extensor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). Its dendrites form a distinctive rotated L shape in the prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022). It fasciculates with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are four of these on each side with somas in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic tergotrochanter extensor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053107]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a prothoracic tergotrochanter extensor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). Its dendrites form a distinctive rotated L shape in the prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024). It fasciculates with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are four of these on each side with somas in the anterior prothoracic neuromere (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic tibial depressor motor neuron [FBbt_00053130]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere and innervates the prothoracic tibial depressor (flexor) muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). It fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are approximately five of these on each side (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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prothoracic tibial depressor motor neuron [FBbt_00053130]

Adult motor neuron that has its soma in the (anterior) prothoracic neuromere and innervates the prothoracic tibial depressor (flexor) muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024). It fasciculates with the prothoracic leg nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are approximately five of these on each side (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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prothoracic VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00047565]

Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval prothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T1 and the posterior subesophageal ganglion. It also innervates the anterior part of T2 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM1sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM1isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012). Innervation pattern has not been studied, so it is unclear how the three subclasses differ and whether they belong to the dorsal, lateral and ventral groups identified for abdominal neurons.

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ps1_MN [FBbt_00047248]

Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates the mesothoracic pleurosternal muscle 59 (pleurosternal 1), ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found ventrally between the meso- and meta-thoracic neuromeres (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). It forms dense arbors in the dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, including the wing neuropil, with extensions into the contralateral hemisphere (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the male, it plays a role in pulse song generation (Shirangi et al., 2013; O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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satellite tergotrochanter muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053058]

Motor neuron that is smaller than the tergotrochanter muscle motor neuron, but also innervates the mesothoracic tergotrochanter muscle (Bacon and Strausfeld, 1986; Cheong et al., 2024). It has its soma and dendritic innervation in the mesothoracic neuromere and exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Cheong et al., 2024). There are two of these on each side (Cheong et al., 2024).

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SBM motor neuron [FBbt_00110275]

Motor neuron that innervates the segment border muscle. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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slow tibial extensor motor neuron [FBbt_00053065]

Tibial extensor (levator) motor neuron that has broad dendritic arbors in the ipsilateral leg neuropil, but has a less prominent medially-directed branch compared to the fast tibial extensor (Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2022). It is an early-born secondary neuron of lineage 24 (Brierley et al., 2012). It innervates distal fibers of the tibial levator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2022). SETi (MN 29) pictured in Azevedo et al. (2022) judged to correspond lineage 24 secondary tibial levator in Brierley et al. (2012) based on VNC arborization pattern and targeting of distal muscle fibers.

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slow tibial extensor motor neuron [FBbt_00053065]

Tibial extensor (levator) motor neuron that has broad dendritic arbors in the ipsilateral leg neuropil, but has a less prominent medially-directed branch compared to the fast tibial extensor (Brierley et al., 2012; Azevedo et al., 2024). It is an early-born secondary neuron of lineage 24 (Brierley et al., 2012). It innervates distal fibers of the tibial levator muscle (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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SN motor neuron of A1-7 [FBbt_00110214]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the segmental nerve. Its soma is located in the same segment as the muscle it innervates. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located posteriorly to the dendritic domain of the ISN motor neurons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Almost all motor neurons that fasciculate with the segmental nerve have their soma located in the same segment in which the muscles they project to are located. There are two exceptions: DA2 motorneuron and VUM motor neuron (Landgraf et al., 1997).

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stt_MN [FBbt_00053058]

Motor neuron that is smaller than the tergotrochanter muscle motor neuron, but also innervates the mesothoracic tergotrochanter muscle (Bacon and Strausfeld, 1986; Cheong et al., 2024). It has its soma and dendritic innervation in the mesothoracic neuromere and exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Cheong et al., 2024). There are two of these on each side (Cheong et al., 2024).

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tergotrochanteral muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00007406]

Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil, innervates the mesothoracic extracoxal depressor muscle 66 (tergotrochanteral muscle) and is electrically synapsed to the giant fiber neuron. It functions in jump response escape behavior. It projects through the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve to the mesothoracic neuromere. It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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tibial pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053061]

Adult motor neuron that innervates a tibial pretarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). There are approximately nine of these per hemineuromere, with some being born embryonically and some being lineage 15 secondary neurons (Brierley et al., 2012).

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tibial pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron [FBbt_00053072]

Adult secondary motor neuron that innervates a tibial pretarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is a lineage 15 neuron, born slightly after the femoral pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arborization is mainly found in the ipsilateral leg neuropil, with a prominent posterior branch extending a short distance into the contralateral hemineuromere (Brierley et al., 2012).

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tibial pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron [FBbt_00053072]

Adult secondary motor neuron that innervates a tibial pretarsal depressor muscle (Brierley et al., 2012). It is a lineage 15 neuron, born slightly after the femoral pretarsal depressor muscle secondary motor neuron (Brierley et al., 2012). Its dendritic arborization is mainly found in the ipsilateral leg neuropil, with a prominent posterior branch extending a short distance into the contralateral hemineuromere (Brierley et al., 2012).

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TN motor neuron of A1-7 [FBbt_00110304]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the transverse nerve. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located posteriorly to the dendritic domain of the motorneurons of ISN motor neurons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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tp1_MN [FBbt_00004071]

Motor neuron that innervates tergopleural muscle 1, ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a small, roughly spherical soma, mediolateral and ventral to the root of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It extends across the entire width of the dorsal neuropil, arborizing in the ipsilateral and contralateral wing neuropil and mesothoracic leg neuropil (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). In the male, it plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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tp2_MN [FBbt_00004072]

Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates tergopleural muscle 2, ipsilaterally (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). It has a small, roughly spherical soma, located mediolaterally, ventral to the level of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve root (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). Within the ventral nerve cord, it extends medially, arborizing in the dorsal medial mesothoracic neuromere and wing neuropil, with some neurites crossing the midline and some reaching the posterior prothoracic neuromere (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). A posteriorly-directed branch innervates the ipsilateral dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve root (Trimarchi and Schneiderman, 1994). In the male, it plays a role in many aspects of courtship song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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tpn_MN [FBbt_00048110]

Motor neuron that innervates tergopleural muscle 2 and sometimes also tergopleural muscle 1, ipsilaterally (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is found in the ventral mesothoracic neuromere (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). It arborizes predominantly in the ipsilateral dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, including the wing neuropil, with some fibers extending across the midline (O’Sullivan et al., 2018; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the male, it is required for courtship song (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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tt_MN [FBbt_00007406]

Motor neuron that innervates the mesothoracic extracoxal trochanter depressor muscle 66 (tergotrochanteral muscle), ipsilaterally (Baird et al., 1993; Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its large cell body is located laterally in the posterior ventral accessory mesothoracic neuromere (Baird et al., 1993; Phelan et al., 1996). Within the ventral nerve cord, it forms two main branches, one that extends medially, then anteromedially, reaching the midline and another that extends posteriorly (Baird et al., 1993). It is electrically synapsed to the giant fiber neuron, which it contacts via its medial branch, and it functions in jump response escape behavior (Baird et al., 1993; Phelan et al., 1996). Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Baird et al., 1993). In the male, it plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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type I motor neuron of oviduct/uterus [FBbt_00052021]

Adult motor neuron that reaches the uterus or common oviduct via the abdominal nerve to the uterus and innervates the muscle layer with glutamatergic type I terminals (Middleton et al., 2006). Type I boutons identified based on bouton morphology, and Shaker and glutamate receptor expression (Middleton et al., 2006). Not clear from Middleton et al. (2006) whether each cell innervates both regions or whether there are subpopulations.

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type II motor neuron [FBbt_00007681]

Neuron that is synapsed to a muscle via type II terminals. These terminals are characterized by the presence of dense core vesicles that store and release octopamine and the absence of T-bars and clear vesicles (Stocker et al., 2018). Type II motor neurons can be found in the adult and in the larva (Stocker et al., 2018).

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type II motor neuron of oviduct/uterus [FBbt_00052022]

Adult motor neuron that reaches the uterus or common oviduct via the abdominal nerve to the uterus and innervates the muscle or epithelial layer with octopaminergic type II terminals (Middleton et al., 2006). Octopaminergic type II boutons identified based on bouton morphology and Tdc2-GAL4 expression (Middleton et al., 2006). Not clear from Middleton et al. (2006) whether each cell innervates multiple regions or whether there are subpopulations.

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type II motor neuron of sperm storage organ [FBbt_00052017]

Motor neuron that innervates a sperm storage organ (spermatheca or seminal receptacle) with octopaminergic type II terminals (Avila et al., 2012). The seminal receptacle is innervated in the region proximal to the uterus and the spermathecal duct is innervated mainly in the distal third (Avila et al., 2012). Octopaminergic type II boutons identified based on bouton morphology and Tdc2-GAL4 expression (Avila et al., 2012). Not clear from Avila et al. (2012) whether each cell innervates both organs or whether there are subpopulations.

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type II motor neuron of sperm storage organ [FBbt_00052017]

Motor neuron that innervates a sperm storage organ (spermatheca or seminal receptacle) with octopaminergic type II terminals (Avila et al., 2012). The seminal receptacle is innervated in the region proximal to the uterus and the spermathecal duct is innervated mainly in the distal third (Avila et al., 2012).

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U neuron [FBbt_00001564]

Larval motor neuron that is generated by neuroblast NB7-1, innervates a dorsal or lateral muscle and expresses eve (Cleary and Doe, 2006; Seroka et al., 2020). It is the Notch ON progeny of its ganglion mother cell (Seroka et al., 2020). There are five subtypes, each fasciculating with the intersegmental nerve and terminating on a different muscle according to birth order, with earlier born neurons terminating more distally (Meng et al., 2019).

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V motor neuron [FBbt_00110300]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the ventral longitudinal muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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VA1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110252]

Motor neuron that innervates external ventral acute muscle 1 (muscle 26). Muscles referred to as VA1 exist in segments T3 to A7 (Bate, 1993). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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VA2 motor neuron [FBbt_00110255]

Larval motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 2 (muscle 27) via a type Ib bouton (Zarin et al., 2019). Muscles referred to as VA2 exist in segments A1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). The neuron exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNc nerve branch (Landgraf et al., 1997). It has its soma in the same segment as the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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VA3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110258]

Motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 3 (muscle 29) via type Ib synapses (Zarin et al., 2019). Muscles referred to as VA3 exist in segments A1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve, fasciculating with the SNc branch (Landgraf et al., 1997). The muscle it innervates is in the same segment as its cell body (Landgraf et al., 2003). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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VCvN_MN [FBbt_00053175]

Adult neck muscle motor neuron that enters the cervical connective, then exits via the ventral cervical nerve to reach its muscle target (Gorko et al., 2024). It has its soma in the ventral gnathal ganglion and ipsilateral arborization in the subesophageal zone (Gorko et al., 2024). There are three of these cells on each side and they innervate the oblique horizontal neck muscles (20) (Gorko et al., 2024).

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ventral prothoracic nerve intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053113]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle and fasciculates with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2022). There are three of these cells on each side (Azevedo et al., 2022).

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ventral prothoracic nerve intracoxal trochanter levator muscle motor neuron [FBbt_00053113]

Adult motor neuron that innervates the prothoracic intracoxal trochanter levator muscle and fasciculates with the ventral prothoracic nerve (Azevedo et al., 2024). There are three of these cells on each side (Azevedo et al., 2024).

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ventral tp motor neuron [FBbt_00004072]

Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates tergopleural muscle 2, ipsilaterally. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has one primary branch and a small spherical soma, mediolateral and ventral to the level at which the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve exits the ventral nerve cord. It has a tufted morphology. It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).

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ventral VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00110297]

Neuromodulatory motor neuron developing from the VUM midline precursor. It innervates the ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).

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VO3 motor neuron [FBbt_00110282]

Motor neuron that innervates the ventral oblique muscle 3 (muscle 28). A muscle named VO3 is present in each of segments T1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve (ISNb) and has its soma in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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VO4-6 motor neuron [FBbt_00110289]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscles 4, 5 and 6, which are found in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (for VO6, only A2 to A7). Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNd nerve branch and innervates the VO4, VO5 and VO6 muscles via type Ib boutons. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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VO4-6 motor neuron [FBbt_00110289]

Larval motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage, born after DA2 (U3) and before DA3 (U4) (Seroka et al., 2020). It is the Notch ON progeny of its ganglion mother cell (Seroka et al., 2020). It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscles 4, 5 and 6, which are found in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (for VO6, only A2 to A7). Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNd nerve branch and innervates the VO4, VO5 and VO6 muscles via type Ib boutons.

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VO4/5 motor neuron [FBbt_00110285]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscles 4 and 5, which are found in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNd nerve branch and it innervates the VO4 and VO5 muscles via intermediate-sized type I boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Banerjee et al., 2016). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.

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VO4/5 motor neuron [FBbt_00110285]

Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscles 4 and 5, which are found in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNd nerve branch and it innervates the VO4 and VO5 muscles via intermediate-sized type I boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Banerjee et al., 2016). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).

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VT1 motor neuron [FBbt_00110279]

Larval motor neuron of the NB4-1 lineage that innervates the external ventral transverse muscle 1 (VT1) (Landgraf et al., 1997). It migrates medially and posteriorly during embryonic development (Schmid et al., 1999). It follows the transverse nerve and synapses to the VT1 muscle in the anterior part of the of the next posterior segment via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin et al., 2019). VT1 is only found in A2-7 segments (Zarin et al., 2019). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.

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VUM motor neuron [FBbt_00110181]

Motor neuron that is part of the median neuroblast lineage that innervates the larval body wall muscles. There are three of these cells per segment from T1 to A7. They are modulatory motor neurons; in A1-7, one VUM motor neuron innervates the dorsal muscles, one innervates the ventral muscles, and one innervates the lateral muscles. Neurotransmitter was assessed by the expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter (vGlut) (FBgn0031424) for glutamate; the enzyme that converts tyramine to octopamine, tyramine beta-hydroxylase (Tbh) (FBgn0010329) and the vesicular monoamine transporter gene (Vmat) (FBgn0260964) (Wheeler et al., 2006). Vomel and Wegener, 2008 used Tdc2-GAL4 (tyrosine decarboxylase - implies presence of tyramine) and anti-Tbh (implies presence of octopamine). Selcho et al., 2012 used Tdc2-GAL4, validated with anti-Tbh, anti-p-tyramine and anti-conjugated octopamine, to visualize tyraminergic and octopaminergic neurons. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).

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wing axillary muscle hg3 motor neuron [FBbt_00052727]

Motor neuron that innervates the internal muscle of the fourth axillary 58a (hg3) (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the dorsal mesothoracic neuromere, it has roughly symmetrical arborization in both hemispheres of the dorsomedial neuropil and an extra ipsilateral lateral arbor (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). In the male, its activity affects pulse song (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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wing axillary muscle hg4 motor neuron [FBbt_00052728]

Motor neuron that innervates the external muscle of the fourth axillary hg4 (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Ehrhardt et al. (2023) say there is a 1:1 correspondence of MNs to muscles (except for tpn), implying the existence of this neuron, but they do not have an image or description.

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wing axillary muscle III4 motor neuron [FBbt_00052726]

Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary III4, ipsilaterally (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its soma is located laterally, between the meso- and meta-thoracic neuromeres (Ehrhardt et al., 2023). Its arbors are mainly found in the dorsal mesothoracic neuromere and they do not cross the midline (Ehrhardt et al., 2023).

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