1-1M [FBbt_00011534]
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB1-1 (FBbt:00001371).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB1-1 (FBbt:00001371).
Motor neuron developing from the thoracic neuroblast NB1-1 which fasciculates with the segmental nerve. The axon terminates amongst ventrolateral muscles without a detectable end-plate (Bossing et al., 1996).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB2-2 (FBbt:00001385).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that has soma location some larval abdominal neuromere (FBbt:00111028) and develops from some neuroblast NB2-2 (FBbt:00001385).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that has soma location some larval thoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111029) and develops from some neuroblast NB2-2 (FBbt:00001385).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB2-5 (FBbt:00001374).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB3-1 (FBbt:00001394).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB3-2 (FBbt:00001388).
Any larval motor neuron that develops from NB3-2 and fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, exiting the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root. According to Schmid et al. (1999) there are 4 motorneurons which project to muscles: DA2, DO2, DO3, DO4 and DO5. According to Landgraf et al. (1997), the 4 motorneurons innervate: DO3-5 and DT1.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that fasciculates with some larval segmental nerve (FBbt:00002037) and develops from some neuroblast NB3-2 (FBbt:00001388).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB7-1 (FBbt:00001380). According to Landgraf et al. (1997) and Schmid et al. (1999), several motorneurons are produced from NB7-1: MN-DA2/DA3, MN-DO1/DO2, MN-LL1, MN-VO4-6 and MN-VO4/5. This term was obsoleted because neurons classes were made for each of these motorneurons.
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). By embryonic stage 16, it has a short contralaterally projecting neurite extending into the posterior commissure. It receives input from the contra- and ipsilateral larval A27h neuron. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. These neurons were identified in a EM reconstruction of a volume that includes the posterior half of abdominal segment 2 and abdominal segment 3, of a 12-24h old first instar larva. The number of connections was estimated from the publication figures. The number of input synapses was the following (number in brackets ipsilateral/contralateral): from A27h (10/10) (Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016).
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 2 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (Landgraf et al., 1997). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral and intermediate domains of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA2 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). The muscle it innervates is one segment posterior to its soma (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. This motor neuron is an exception to the class of motorneurons that innervate the internal dorsal muscles whose dendrites occupy the lateral neuropil; it has dendrites in the intermediate and lateral regions (Mauss et al., 2009). Based on cell body position, the DA2 motor neuron appears to correspond to the U2 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DA2 motor neuron corresponds to U3.
Motor neuron developing from the fourth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1. It innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 3 (DA3) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. The DA3 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U4 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).
U1 neuron of A1-7. It innervates dorsal oblique muscle 1 (DO1). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domains of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO1 muscle of the next posterior segment with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Based on cell body position, the DO1 motor neuron corresponds to the U1 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 2 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO2 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Based on cell body position, the DO2 motor neuron appears to correspond to the U3 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to U2.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 3 (DO3) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 4 (DO4) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO4 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 5 (DO5) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO5 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Muscle DO5 is only present in A1-7. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al ., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute, dorsal oblique and LL1 muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (Landgraf et al., 2003). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve. It is one of the common exciters of the A1-7 muscles, innervating the dorsal and LL1 muscles via type Is boutons (Mauss et al., 2009). It receives input from the ipsilateral larval A02b, A27j, eIN-4 (A03a1) and A27e and contralateral larval A08e1-3 local neurons and A31k neuron. Unlike other ISN neurons, its soma is located in the same segment as the muscles it innervates (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. These neurons were identified in one EM reconstruction of abdominal segment 3 of a 12-24h old first instar larva (Heckscher et al., 2015; Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016). For Heckscher et al. (2015) only bilateral connections are reported. The number of identified input synapses was the following (number in brackets left/right): from A08e1 (1-4/1-7), A08e2 (1-4/1-7), A08e3 (1-4/1-7) (Heckscher et al., 2015). For Schneider-Mizell et al. (2016), the number of connections was estimated from the publication figures. The number of input synapses was the following (number in brackets left/right where available): from A02b (12/12), A27j (12/25), A03a1 (20/23), A27e (21), A31k (35/35) (Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a virtually identical arborization pattern, shared with the lateral and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the dorsal transverse muscle 1 (DT1) of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior intersegmental nerve root, fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, and innervates the DT1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Although it innervates an external muscle, its soma is clustered with those of the internal muscle-innervating neurons in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Landgraf et al., 2003). Its dendritic arborizations are found with those of other external muscle-innervating neurons, connected via a long posterior projection (Landgraf et al., 2003). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. These neurons have a virtually identical arborization pattern, shared with the dorsal and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. In A2-7, these might also synapse to muscles 26 (VA1), 27 (VA2) and 29 (VA3) (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron developing from the fifth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1. It innervates the internal lateral longitudinal muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the LL1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. The LL1 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U5 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-3 lineage that innervates the external lateral oblique muscle 1 of abdominal segments 1 to 7. The motor neuron exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LO1 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB2-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 1. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT1 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB2-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 2. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT2 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 3. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT3 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 4. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root nerve fasciculating with the SNa nerve branch and innervates the LT4 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from the neuroblast NB2-4 lineage that innervates the external segment border muscle of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Schmid et al., 1999). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve SNa branch and innervates the SBM muscle of the same segment with type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast 5-2 and innervates the ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It fasciculates with the ISNb intersegmental nerve branch, innervating VL1 via type III boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin et al., 2019). It soma is one segment anterior to the muscle it innervates, in the contralateral hemineuromere (Landgraf et al., 1997). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNc nerve branch. These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the ventral oblique muscles VO1, 2, 4 and 5 and ventral longitudinal muscles VL1-4 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type Is boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Mauss et al., 2009). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNb branch, and innervates muscles in the next posterior segment to its soma (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a virtually identical arborization pattern, shared with the dorsal and lateral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in one of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to the muscle it innervates, the next anterior neuromere, and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A1-7 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). It innervates the muscle of the segment immediately posterior to its soma (Kohsaka et al., 2015).
RP3 motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral longitudinal muscles 3 and 4 of A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch. Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
RP4 neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 1 (VO1; muscle 30) of segments A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch. Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
RP1 motor neuron of A1-7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the VO2 muscle (Mauss et al., 2009) via type Ib boutons. Its cell body is located in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Innervation of muscle 14 makes this equivalent to the MN14-Ib neuron of Hoang and Chiba, 2001.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-2 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 3 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNb nerve branch and innervates the VO3 muscle with type Ib boutons. These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB4-1 lineage that innervates the ventral transverse muscle 1 of abdominal segments 2 to 7. It migrates medially and posteriorly during embryonic development (Schmid et al., 1999). It follows the transverse nerve and synapses to the VT1 muscle in the anterior part of the of the next posterior segment via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin et al., 2019). VT1 is only found in A2-7 segments (Zarin et al., 2019). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000641).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000642).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000658).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000659).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000660).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000661).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000662).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 1 (FBbt:00000637).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A1 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000673).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A1 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000649).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 1 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000651).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000644).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000645).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000646).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 1 (FBbt:00000637).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A1 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A1, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). During metamorphosis, its target muscle, VL1, develops into a temporary eclosion muscle, with some remodeling of the neuron, and this neuron becomes adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A1 (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A1 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the metathoracic neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate the newly formed muscle 80 and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A1 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VL3/4 motor neuron of A1. It innervates the internal ventral longitudinal 3 and 4 muscles (muscles 6 and 7) of abdominal segment 1 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO1 motor neuron of A1. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 1 (muscle 30) of abdominal segment 1 via type Ib boutons. This neuron switches muscle targets during metamorphosis to become adult persistent motor neuron 30-Ib A1 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO2 motor neuron of A1. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 2 (muscle 14) of abdominal segment 1 via type Ib boutons. During metamorphosis, this neuron is re-targeted to innervate temporary eclosion muscle VL2 and become adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib A1 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000670).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 1 (FBbt:00000637).
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000686).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000687).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000694).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000695).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000696).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000697).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000698).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 2 (FBbt:00000682).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A2 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000719).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A2 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000710).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 2 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000712).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000689).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000690).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000691).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 2 (FBbt:00000682).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A2 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A2, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). During metamorphosis, its target muscle, VL1, develops into a temporary eclosion muscle, with some remodeling of the neuron, and this neuron becomes adult persistent motor neuron 12-Ib A2 (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A2 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 1 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate the newly formed muscle 111 and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A2 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VL3/4 motor neuron of A2. It innervates the internal ventral longitudinal 3 and 4 muscles (muscles 6 and 7) of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO1 motor neuron of A2. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 1 (muscle 30) of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO2 motor neuron of A2. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 2 (muscle 14) of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons. During metamorphosis, this neuron is re-targeted to innervate temporary eclosion muscle VL2 and become adult persistent motor neuron 14-Ib A2 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000704).
Any VO4-6 motor neuron (FBbt:00110289) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 2 (FBbt:00000682).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 2 (FBbt:00000682).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 ventral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000726).
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000731).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000732).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000739).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000740).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000741).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000742).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000743).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 3 (FBbt:00000727).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A3 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000764).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A3 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000755).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 3 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000757).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000734).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000735).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000736).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 3 (FBbt:00000727).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A3 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A3, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A3 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 2 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate an adult muscle along the ventral midline and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A3 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VL3/4 motor neuron of A3. It innervates the internal ventral longitudinal 3 and 4 muscles (muscles 6 and 7) of abdominal segment 3 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO1 motor neuron of A3. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 1 (muscle 30) of abdominal segment 3 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO2 motor neuron of A3. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 2 (muscle 14) of abdominal segment 3 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000749).
Any VO4-6 motor neuron (FBbt:00110289) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 3 (FBbt:00000727).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 3 (FBbt:00000727).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 ventral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000771).
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000776).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000777).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000784).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000785).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000786).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000787).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000788).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 4 (FBbt:00000772).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A4 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000809).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A4 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000800).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 4 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000802).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000779).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000780).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000781).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 4 (FBbt:00000772).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A4 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A4, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A4 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 3 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015). During metamorphosis, this neuron switches targets to innervate an adult muscle along the ventral midline and become adult persistent motor neuron 13-Ib A4 (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VL3/4 motor neuron of A4. It innervates the internal ventral longitudinal 3 and 4 muscles (muscles 6 and 7) of abdominal segment 4 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO1 motor neuron of A4. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 1 (muscle 30) of abdominal segment 4 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Larval VO2 motor neuron of A4. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscle 2 (muscle 14) of abdominal segment 4 via type Ib boutons. This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000794).
Any VO4-6 motor neuron (FBbt:00110289) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 4 (FBbt:00000772).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 4 (FBbt:00000772).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 ventral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000816).
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000821).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000822).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000829).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000830).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000831).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000832).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000833).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 5 (FBbt:00000817).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A5 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000854).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A5 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000845).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000847).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000824).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000825).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000826).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 5 (FBbt:00000817).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A5 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A5, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). This neuron dies during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A5 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 4 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015).
Any RP3 motor neuron (FBbt:00001455) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 (FBbt:00000849) and synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 (FBbt:00000850).
Any RP4 motor neuron (FBbt:00001456) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000837).
Any RP1 motor neuron (FBbt:00001452) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000838).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000839).
Any VO4-6 motor neuron (FBbt:00110289) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 5 (FBbt:00000817).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 5 (FBbt:00000817).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 ventral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000861).
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000866).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000867).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000874).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000875).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000876).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000877).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000878).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 6 (FBbt:00000862).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A6 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000899).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A6 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000890).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000892).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000869).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000870).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000871).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 6 (FBbt:00000862).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A6 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A6, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A6 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 5 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015).
Any RP3 motor neuron (FBbt:00001455) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 (FBbt:00000894) and synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 (FBbt:00000895).
Any RP4 motor neuron (FBbt:00001456) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000882).
Any RP1 motor neuron (FBbt:00001452) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000883).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000884).
Any VO4-6 motor neuron (FBbt:00110289) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 6 (FBbt:00000862).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 6 (FBbt:00000862).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 ventral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000906).
Any U2 neuron (FBbt:00001566) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000911).
Any U4 neuron (FBbt:00006041) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000912).
Any U1 neuron (FBbt:00001565) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000919).
Any U3 neuron (FBbt:00001567) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000920).
Any DO3 motor neuron (FBbt:00011548) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000921).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 4 (FBbt:00000922).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 5 (FBbt:00000923).
Any A1-7 dorsal motor neuron (FBbt:00002207) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 7 (FBbt:00000907).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segment A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000944).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segment A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Any U5 neuron (FBbt:00006043) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000935).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type III bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (FBbt:00000937).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000914).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral acute muscle 2 (FBbt:00000915).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00000916).
Any RP5 motor neuron (FBbt:00001457) that sends synaptic output to cell some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 7 (FBbt:00000907).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles of larval abdominal segment A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. It arborizes along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (VL1; muscle 12), in larval abdominal segment A7, via type Ib boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its cell body is located contralateral to VL1 and it fasciculates with the ISNb nerve branch (Hoang and Chiba, 2001). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron of the larva that synapses to the ventral longitudinal muscle 2 (muscle 13) of A7 with a type Ib bouton. Its cell body is in the abdominal 6 neuromere, ipsilateral to the target muscle at the distal edge of the CNS (Hoang and Chiba, 2001, Kohsaka et al., 2015). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve branch b (ISNb), which also contains other neurons that innervate ventrolateral internal muscles (Kohsaka et al., 2015).
Any RP3 motor neuron (FBbt:00001455) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 3 (FBbt:00000939) and synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral longitudinal muscle 4 (FBbt:00000940).
Any RP4 motor neuron (FBbt:00001456) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000927).
Any RP1 motor neuron (FBbt:00001452) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 2 (FBbt:00000928).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral oblique muscle 3 (FBbt:00000929).
Any VO4-6 motor neuron (FBbt:00110289) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 7 (FBbt:00000907).
Any VO4/5 motor neuron (FBbt:00110285) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some hypodermal muscle of larval abdominal 7 (FBbt:00000907).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 ventral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000951).
Motor neuron that is synapsed to a muscle of the larval abdominal body wall.
Motor neuron that is born from the first GMC to bud from neuroblast NB1-1 (GMC1-1a) and is part of the Notch OFF hemilineage (Skeath and Doe, 1998). It has a large round cell body that sits at the dorsal surface of the CNS, in the next anterior segment to the muscle it innervates, just posterior to the posterior commissure and longitudinal connective (Schmid et al., 1999; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). It innervates dorsal acute muscle 1 (DA1; muscle 1) (Landgraf et al., 1997). It expresses even-skipped (Manning et al., 2012).
Female version of the adult dorsal posterior Ilp7 neuron. This is a glutamatergic motor neuron that innervates the oviduct. There are 4 of these neurons, in a dorsal cluster. These cells are generated by post-embryonic neurogenesis in the late third instar larva. Unlike the male version, this cell does not produce serotonin. These neurons express fruitless (FBgn0004652) but not doublesex (FBgn0000504). The expression of Bruchpilot was used to reveal presynaptic terminals (Castellanos et al., 2013).
Motor neuron that fasciculates with the labial nerve (Nayak and Singh, 1985). Their cell bodies are found in the subesophageal zone and they innervate muscles of the proboscis (Nayak and Singh, 1985; McKellar et al., 2020).
Any motor neuron of the adult.
Adult octopaminergic neuron that innervates a somatic abdominal muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). These neurons collectively innervate at least the dorsal, ventral and lateral muscles of abdominal segments 2-6 (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).
Octopaminergic neuron that innervates the frontal pulsatile organ muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). It has its soma in the thorax (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).
Adult octopaminergic neuron that innervates a heart muscle cell via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). These neurons collectively innervate at least the ventral longitudinal and alary muscles (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).
Octopaminergic neuron that innervates a leg muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). It fasciculates with the leg nerve (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type II bouton to some somatic muscle cell of mesothoracic leg (FBbt:00003402).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type II bouton to some somatic muscle cell of metathoracic leg (FBbt:00003430).
Octopaminergic neuron that innervates a proboscis muscle via type II boutons (Pauls et al., 2018). Octopamine assessed based on expression of Tdc2-GAL4 (Pauls et al., 2018).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type II bouton to some somatic muscle cell of prothoracic leg (FBbt:00003343).
Neuron that innervates a direct or indirect muscle of the wing via type II boutons (Stocker et al., 2018). It is octopaminergic (Stocker et al., 2018).
Motor neuron of the adult that has persisted from the larva, usually with some remodeling.
Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VL1 motor neuron (MN12-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, its target temporary eclosion muscle develops from ventral longitudinal muscle 1, with some remodeling of the neuron. This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VL1 motor neuron (MN12-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, its target temporary eclosion muscle develops from ventral longitudinal muscle 1, with some remodeling of the neuron. This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed metathoracic lateral intersegmental muscle 80. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed abdominal 2 ventral muscle 111. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 3. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target an adult abdominal ventral muscle. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016). Stated by Banerjee et al., 2016 to target muscle 111, but this is specific to A2 - may target 117, which is the A3 equivalent.
Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VL2 motor neuron (MN13-Ib) in abdominal segment 4. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the an adult abdominal ventral muscle. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016). Probably targets muscle 123.
Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VO2 motor neuron (MN14-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target temporary eclosion muscle VL2, which develops from larval ventral longitudinal 2 (VL2) muscle (muscle 13), rather than ventral oblique 2 (VO2) muscle (muscle 14). This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron of the early adult that develops from the larval VO2 motor neuron (MN14-Ib) in abdominal segment 2. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target temporary eclosion muscle VL2, which develops from larval ventral longitudinal 2 (VL2) muscle (muscle 13), rather than ventral oblique 2 (VO2) muscle (muscle 14). This neuron dies shortly after eclosion (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron of the adult that develops from the larval VO1 motor neuron (MN30-Ib) in abdominal segment 1. During metamorphosis, it is remodeled to target the newly-formed, segment-specific metathoracic longitudinal muscle 81. This neuron persists into adulthood (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Female-specific adult Ilp7 neuron. There are 3 to 4 of these neurons, in a ventral cluster of the abdominal neuromere with the dMP2 Ilp7 neurons. It is a glutamatergic motor neuron that fasciculates with the abdominal nerve trunk and innervates the oviduct muscle. These cells are generated by post-embryonic neurogenesis in the late third instar larva. The expression of Bruchpilot was used to reveal presynaptic terminals. These neurons express fruitless (FBgn0004652), but not doublesex (FBgn0000504) (Castellanos et al., 2013).
Adult neuron that innervates a muscle via type II boutons (Stocker et al., 2018). It is octopaminergic (Stocker et al., 2018).
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-05 (L1EM:15769596); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-06 (L1EM:15769490); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-L-motor-07 (L1EM:17369376)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-08 (L1EM:407869); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-09 (L1EM:15995360); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-L-motor-10 (L1EM:15982951)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-L-motor-11 (L1EM:17415321)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-12 (L1EM:17500791); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-L-motor-13 (L1EM:17405603)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-14 (L1EM:15995394); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-15 (L1EM:15770521); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-16 (L1EM:15770867); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-L-motor-17 (L1EM:15995368); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[AN-L-motor-18 (L1EM:15997068); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-05 (L1EM:17248923); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-06 (L1EM:882339); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; AN-R-motor-07 (L1EM:15567384); larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-08 (L1EM:1218587); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-09 (L1EM:875613); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-10 (L1EM:3340561); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[AN-R-motor-11 (L1EM:910064); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-12 (L1EM:12901662); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-13 (L1EM:873148); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-R-motor-14 (L1EM:855719)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-R-motor-15 (L1EM:853526)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-R-motor-16 (L1EM:873782)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; AN-R-motor-17 (L1EM:865801)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); AN-R-motor-18 (L1EM:937332); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve motor neuron; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
Motor neuron that innervates the direct flight muscle 49. Its axon is large and exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has a characteristic posterior branch, that branches close to the soma and contralateral projections. It has a large disk-shaped soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 49, ventral to the root of the ADMN. It has a stubbly morphology. It is required for normal coordination of wing movement during flight (Sadaf et al., 2015).
Motor neuron that innervates the basalar muscle 51. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has four primary branches: medial, lateral, dorsal and a posterior group. It has a spherical soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 51, ventral to the root of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a fibrous morphology.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some cibarial muscle (FBbt:00003271).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some dorsal acute muscle 3 (FBbt:00110232). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. The DA3 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U4 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf).
Motor neuron that innervates the direct flight muscles. Their aspect can be stubbly, fibrous or tufted.
Any motor neuron that innervates any dorsal medial muscle. They arborize in the wing neuropil. Some of these cells play a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some dorsal oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00110226). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Larval motor neuron that develops from neuroblast NB7-1 and innervates dorsal oblique muscle 2 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve and its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. Based on cell body position, the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to the U3 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to U2.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal oblique muscle 3 (muscle 11). There are muscles referred to as dorsal oblique 3 in segments T1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal oblique muscle 4 (muscle 19). There are muscles referred to as dorsal oblique 4 in segments T1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates tergopleural muscle 1, ipsilaterally. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has one primary branch and a small spherical soma, mediolateral and ventral to the root of the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a tufted morphology. It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron developing from the VUM midline precursor. It innervates the dorsal oblique and acute muscles. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some dorsal transverse muscle (FBbt:00000471). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Any motor neuron that innervates any dorsal ventral indirect flight muscle (Dickerson et al., 2019).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that is part of some embryonic/larval nervous system (FBbt:00001911). Larval motor neurons are generally named according to the muscle(s) they innervate, meaning that their soma location may be in the same segment (segmental nerve neurons), or the next anterior segment (intersegmental nerve neurons) than given in the motor neuron name.
labeled by R81A07-Gal4, femoral motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); fast tibial depressor motor neuron; is part of; female organism; fast tibia flexor motor neuron (R81A07-Gal4) (T1LEG:611078); overlaps; prothoracic leg; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]
Adult motor neuron that innervates the large fibers of the tibial depressor muscle in the middle of the leg (Azevedo et al., 2020). There is one of these cells per leg and it has the largest axon of any motor neuron in the femur (Azevedo et al., 2020; Kuan et al., 2020).
Adult motor neuron that projects to the trochanter and innervates the femoral depressor motor neuron (Baek and Mann, 2009). There is one of these cells per leg (Baek and Mann, 2009; Kuan et al., 2020).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some flight muscle (FBbt:00003360).
Motor neuron of embryonic and larval abdominal segment. It is born from the first ganglion mother cell in the 7-3 lineage (GMC 7-3a). According to Schmid et al. (1999) this motorneuron projects out of the posterior root of the ISN, joining the ISNd branch and innervates muscles VO4-6. However, this neuron was not identified by Landgraf et al. (1997).
Motor neuron that innervates an axillary muscle of the haltere (Dickerson et al., 2019).
Motor neuron that innervates a basalar muscle of the haltere (Dickerson et al., 2019).
Motor neuron that innervates the haltere dorsal ventral muscle (Dickerson et al., 2019).
Motor neuron that innervates a muscle of the haltere. It receives input in the haltere neuropil and fasciculates with the haltere (dorsal metathoracic) nerve (Phelps et al., 2021).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some haustellum muscle (FBbt:00003267).
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates the external muscle of fourth axillary hg1. It is required in males for sine song (Shirangi et al., 2013) and also plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates the internal muscle of the fourth axillary 58b (hg2) (O’Sullivan et al., 2018). It plays a role in pulse and sine song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of first axillary 53. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has one primary branch. It has a spherical soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 53, ventral to the point at which the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve exits the ventral nerve cord. It has a fibrous morphology.
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates the muscle of first axillary 56 (I2). It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary 54. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has four primary branches: medial, anterior lateral and dorsal lateral. It has a teardrop-shaped soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 54, ventral to the root of the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has a fibrous morphology.
Motor neuron that innervates the muscle of third axillary 55. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has three primary branches, two of which larger than the other: the medial, lateral and inconsistent branches, respectively. It has a large tear-shaped soma, located ipsilateral to muscle 55, ventral to the root of the accessory mesothoracic nerve. It has a stubbly morphology.
Motor neuron that innervates the indirect flight muscles.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45f. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45f, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45e. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45e, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45d. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45d, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45c. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a large soma, located ipsilateral to dorsal medial muscle 45c, in the ventrolateral part of the ventral nerve cord at the border of the pro- and mesothoracic neuromeres.
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal medial muscle 45b and dorsal medial muscle 45a. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve. It has a very large soma, located contralateral to dorsal medial muscles 45a and 45b, near the midline.
Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve. Except for RP2 (dorsal motor neuron) their somas are located in the next anterior segment to the muscles they innervate (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located anteriorly to the dendritic domain of the motorneurons that innervate external muscles. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the ventral and lateral ISN innervated muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron extends from the lateral to the intermediate regions. The lateral, intermediate and medial neuropil fields follow a set of evenly distributed longitudinal fascicles that are labelled by anti-Fas2 antibody (Landgraf et al., 2003). The motor neuron MN-DA2, unlike other ISN motor neurons, has dendrites in the intermediate and lateral regions (Mauss et al., 2009).
Motor neuron that innervates the dorsal ISN innervated muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located in the lateral neuropile. The lateral, intermediate and medial neuropil fields follow a set of evenly distributed longitudinal fascicles that are labelled by anti-Fas2 antibody (Landgraf et al., 2003). The motor neuron MN-DA2, unlike other ISN motor neurons, has dendrites in the intermediate and lateral regions (Mauss et al., 2009).
Motor neuron that innervates the most ventral ISN innervated muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron extends from the lateral to the medial regions. The lateral, intermediate and medial neuropil fields follow a set of evenly distributed longitudinal fascicles that are labelled by anti-Fas2 antibody (Landgraf et al., 2003).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000640).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000664).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000675).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000676).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000677).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000678).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 1 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000655).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000685).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000700).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000721).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000722).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000723).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000724).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 2 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000716).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000730).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000745).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000766).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000767).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000768).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000769).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 3 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000761).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000775).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000790).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000811).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000812).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000813).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000814).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 4 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000806).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000820).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000835).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000856).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000857).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000858).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000859).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 5 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000851).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000865).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000880).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000901).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000902).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000903).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000904).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 6 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000896).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000910).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 lateral oblique muscle 1 (FBbt:00000925).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 1 (FBbt:00000946).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 2 (FBbt:00000947).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 3 (FBbt:00000948).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 lateral transverse muscle 4 (FBbt:00000949).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some abdominal 7 segment border muscle (FBbt:00000941).
Motor neuron that innervates a larval alary muscle via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It fasciculates with the transverse nerve, alongside the lateral bipolar dendrite neuron (Wang et al., 2022).
Larval motor neuron that follows the antennal-pharyngeal nerve (Miroschnikow et al., 2018). Neurons of this class innervate muscles of the cibarium and esophagus.
Larval primary motor neuron that innervates the ventral internal muscle 1 (muscle 31), which is only found in the first abdominal segment (Schmid et al., 1999). It develops from NB1-2 in the metathoracic segment, where its soma is found, and it fasciculates with the ISNb (Schmid et al., 1999).
Larval motor neuron that innervates an external muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003). These neurons tend to follow the segmental nerve and have dendritic arborizations in the same neuromere as the target muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003).
Larval motor neuron (MN) that innervates an internal muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003). They tend to follow the intersegmental nerve and have dendritic arborizations in the next anterior neuromere to the target muscle, with ventral muscle MNs most anterior, then dorsal, then lateral muscle MNs (Landgraf et al., 2003).
Larval motor neuron that follows the maxillary-labial nerve (Miroschnikow et al., 2018). Neurons of this class innervate muscles around the mouth (Miroschnikow et al., 2018).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some mesothoracic dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000523).
Larval primary motor neuron that develops from NB1-2 in the mesothoracic segment and innervates a thoracic ventral intersegmental muscle (Schmid et al., 1999). It fasciculates with the ISNb (Schmid et al., 1999).
Any aCC neuron (FBbt:00001447) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some metathoracic dorsal acute muscle 1 (FBbt:00000555).
Larval motor neuron that follows the prothoracic accessory nerve. Neurons of this class innervate muscles of the dorsal head.
Motor neuron that is involved in turning motion of the larva. Its projections occupy the same motor region of the ventral nerve cord as the TINa neuron. Expresses R31A11 (Vogelstein et al., 2014).
Larval VL3/VL4 motor neuron that has its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere and innervates the VL3 muscle of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It may also innervate VL4 in the same segment, to a lesser extent (Wang et al., 2022). Around 70% also innervate VL4 (Wang et al., 2022).
Larval VL3/VL4 motor neuron that has its soma in the abdominal 1 neuromere and innervates the VL4 muscle of abdominal segment 2 via type Ib boutons (Wang et al., 2022). It may also innervate VL3 in the same segment, to a lesser extent (Wang et al., 2022). Around 70% also innervate VL3 (Wang et al., 2022).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron developing from the VUM midline precursor. It innervates the lateral transverse muscles. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some skeletal muscle of leg (FBbt:00003318).
possible LinB-Tr2, main leg nerve, trochanteral motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; LinB-Tr2 neuron 74261 (T1LEG:604016); X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; femoral depressor motor neuron Tr2; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]
Any neuron that develops from neuroblast NB2-3 during the postembryonic phase of neurogenesis. These are all Notch OFF hemilineage neurons, as the Notch ON hemilineage is eliminated by apoptosis (Lacin et al., 2019). These are all glutamatergic motor neurons (Lacin et al., 2019).
Any neuron that develops from neuroblast NB4-4 during the postembryonic phase of neurogenesis. These are all Notch OFF hemilineage neurons, as the Notch ON hemilineage is eliminated by apoptosis (Lacin et al., 2019). These are all glutamatergic motor neurons (Lacin et al., 2019). 24B sometimes referred to as 24A in Lacin et al. (2019), but lineage 24 seems to only produce ‘B’ neurons based on Truman et al. (2010) - FBrf0209606.
Motor neuron that innervates the lateral longitudinal muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. The LL1 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U5 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf).
Motor neuron that innervates the external lateral oblique muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 2. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 3. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the external lateral transverse muscle 4. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [proboscis muscle 1 motor neuron; McKellar_SEZ_mn1; confocal microscopy; P{VT019731-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT043075-p65.AD} expression pattern; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; P{VT020713-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R14H09-p65.AD} expression pattern; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; McKellar_SEZ_mn10; adult brain; is part of; proboscis muscle 10 motor neuron; male organism]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [McKellar_SEZ_mn11D; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; proboscis muscle 11 dorsal motor neuron; is part of; male organism; P{R10B11-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT020737-p65.AD} expression pattern]
effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [McKellar_SEZ_mn11V&12D; P{R10E04-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT050240-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 11 ventral motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [McKellar_SEZ_mn12V; confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 12 ventral motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; P{GMR75F02-GAL4} ∩ P{R80D06-p65.AD} expression pattern]
effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 13 motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; McKellar_SEZ_mn13; male organism; P{VT034258-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT043700-p65.AD} expression pattern]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [P{VT064563-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R11F07-p65.AD} expression pattern; proboscis muscle 2 dorsal motor neuron; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; male organism; is part of; McKellar_SEZ_mn2D]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 2 ventral motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; McKellar_SEZ_mn2V; adult brain; is part of; male organism; P{R13E04-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT064563-p65.AD} expression pattern]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [proboscis muscle 3 lateral motor neuron; McKellar_SEZ_mn3L; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; P{R89F06-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT031145-p65.AD} expression pattern; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism]
effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [P{VT063630-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT025784-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; proboscis muscle 3 medial motor neuron; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; McKellar_SEZ_mn3M&1]
effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [P{R75F02-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT063630-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; proboscis muscle 3 medial motor neuron; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; McKellar_SEZ_mn3M&7]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; McKellar_SEZ_mn4; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; P{R45G01-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R48H12-p65.AD} expression pattern; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 4 motor neuron]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [confocal microscopy; P{VT043145-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT033616-p65.AD} expression pattern; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; proboscis muscle 5 motor neuron; male organism; is part of; McKellar_SEZ_mn5]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [proboscis muscle 6 motor neuron; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; McKellar_SEZ_mn6; adult brain; is part of; male organism; P{R81B12-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{R18B07-p65.AD} expression pattern]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [P{VT001484-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT014959-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; McKellar_SEZ_mn7; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 7 motor neuron]
effector genotype: ‘pBPhsFlp2::PEST in attP3;; pJFRC201-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-HA in VK00005, pJFRC240-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-V5-THS-10XUAS-FRT > STOP > FRT-myr::smGFP-FLAG in su(Hw)attP1’ [confocal microscopy; McKellar_SEZ_mn8&7; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; P{VT015822-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT027168-p65.AD} expression pattern; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 8 motor neuron]
effector genotype: ‘20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP in su(Hw)attP5 (pJFRC2)’ [P{VT005008-GAL4.DBD} ∩ P{VT061715-p65.AD} expression pattern; confocal microscopy; expression pattern fragment; JRC2018Unisex; adult brain; McKellar_SEZ_mn9; is part of; male organism; proboscis muscle 9 motor neuron]
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some skeletal muscle of mesothoracic leg (FBbt:00003402).
Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T2 and T1. It also innervates the anterior part of T3 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM2sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM2isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012). Innervation pattern has not been studied, so it is unclear how the three subclasses differ and whether they belong to the dorsal, lateral and ventral groups identified for abdominal neurons.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some skeletal muscle of metathoracic leg (FBbt:00003430).
Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval mesothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T3 and T2. It also innervates the anterior part of A1 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM3sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM3isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012). Innervation pattern has not been studied, so it is unclear how the three subclasses differ and whether they belong to the dorsal, lateral and ventral groups identified for abdominal neurons.
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN1 aCC_a1l (L1EM:10649843); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval abdominal 2 aCC neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN1 aCC_a1r (L1EM:4488976); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval abdominal 2 aCC neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN1 aCC_a3l (L1EM:3931434); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval abdominal 3 aCC neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN1 aCC_a3r (L1EM:3942269); larval abdominal 3 aCC neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN11 (ISN NB3-2)_a1l (L1EM:14088451); abdominal 2 DO2 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN11 (ISN NB3-2)_a1r (L1EM:10013402); abdominal 2 DO2 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 2 V motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN12-III (ISN VL1 V-MN NB5-2)_a1l (L1EM:10678017)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN12-III (ISN VL1 V-MN NB5-2)_a1r (L1EM:14046720); abdominal 2 V motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 3 V motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; MN12-III (ISN VL1 V-MN NB5-2)_a2l (L1EM:13877719); L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[MN13 ISN MN-VL2_a1l (L1EM:19111930); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 VL2 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN13 ISN MN-VL2_a1r (L1EM:14194703); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 VL2 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 2 VO4/5 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN15/16 VO4/5 (NB7-1? ISN)_a1l (L1EM:14203725)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 2 VO4/5 motor neuron; MN15/16 VO4/5 (NB7-1? ISN)_a1r (L1EM:14048538); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN15/16/17 VO4–6 (NB7-1? )_a1l (L1EM:19139253); abdominal 2 VO4-6 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN15/16/17 VO4–6 (NB7-1? )_a1r (L1EM:14045489); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 VO4-6 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN18 (ISN DT1)_a1l (L1EM:14199031); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 DT1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN18 (ISN DT1)_a1r (L1EM:6970942); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 DT1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN19 (ISN NB3-2)_a1l (L1EM:14086309); abdominal 2 DO4 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN19 (ISN NB3-2)_a1r (L1EM:16181494); abdominal 2 DO4 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 2 DO5 motor neuron; MN20 ISN_a1l (L1EM:16433395); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 2 DO5 motor neuron; MN20 ISN_a1r (L1EM:5085455); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN25 (TN)_a2l (L1EM:4717729); abdominal 2 VT1 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 2 VT1 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN25 (TN)_a2r (L1EM:16080562)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN26 (SN MN VA1)_a1l (L1EM:4524871); abdominal 1 VA1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN26 (SN MN VA1)_a1r (L1EM:4397287); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 1 VA1 motor neuron]
[abdominal 1 VA2 motor neuron; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN27 (SN MN VA2)_a1l (L1EM:4326520); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[abdominal 1 VA2 motor neuron; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN27 (SN MN VA2)_a1r (L1EM:4101976)]
[abdominal 2 VO3 motor neuron; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN28 ISN_a1l (L1EM:5899328)]
[abdominal 2 VO3 motor neuron; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN28 ISN_a1r (L1EM:14048876); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 1 VA3 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN29 (SN MN VA3)_a1l (L1EM:4274364)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 1 VA3 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN29 (SN MN VA3)_a1r (L1EM:4382895)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN3 (ISN U4 DA3 NB7-1?)_a1l (L1EM:14088149); abdominal 2 DA3 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN3 (ISN U4 DA3 NB7-1?)_a1r (L1EM:14045854); abdominal 2 DA3 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN30 RP4_a2l (L1EM:13874213); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 VO1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN30 RP4_a2r (L1EM:13880943); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 VO1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN4 (ISN U5 NB7-1?)_a1l (L1EM:14087339); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 LL1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 LL1 motor neuron; MN4 (ISN U5 NB7-1?)_a1r (L1EM:14047945)]
[larval abdominal 1 LO1 motor neuron; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN5 LO1_a1l (L1EM:4028114)]
[larval abdominal 1 LO1 motor neuron; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN5 LO1_a1r (L1EM:4535767)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 3 VL3/4 motor neuron; MN6/7 RP3_a2l (L1EM:16264802); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 3 VL3/4 motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN6/7 RP3_a2r (L1EM:4791651)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN9 U1_a1l (L1EM:14085813); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 DO1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN9 U1_a1r (L1EM:14047554); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 DO1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MN9 U1_a2l (L1EM:13885984); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 3 DO1 motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MN9 U1_a2r (L1EM:13873397); abdominal 3 DO1 motor neuron]
MN9#1, FBbt:00111298 [transmission electron microscopy (TEM); is part of; proboscis muscle 9 motor neuron; female organism; MN9#1 (FAFB:16866694); JRC2018Unisex; VFB CATMAID Adult Brain (FAFB); adult brain]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 1 dorsal motor neuron; MNISN-Is RP2_a1l (L1EM:13058240); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 1 dorsal motor neuron; MNISN-Is RP2_a1r (L1EM:13057994); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MNISNb/d-Is RP5_a1l (L1EM:14044614); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 ventral motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; abdominal 2 ventral motor neuron; MNISNb/d-Is RP5_a1r (L1EM:14199565)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 3 ventral motor neuron; MNISNb/d-Is RP5_a2l (L1EM:13874875); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); abdominal 3 ventral motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MNISNb/d-Is RP5_a2r (L1EM:13881374)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-L-motor-01 - SGDO (L1EM:8208555); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[MxN-L-motor-02 - LR-A (L1EM:8105236); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-L-motor-03 - LR-B (L1EM:8092228); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-L-motor-04 - MHE-A (L1EM:5453143); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron; MxN-L-motor-05 - MHE-B (L1EM:5450669)]
[MxN-L-motor-06 - MHE-C (L1EM:5452286); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron; MxN-L-motor-07 - MHD-A (L1EM:8061047)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron; MxN-L-motor-08 - MHD-B (L1EM:8084863)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-L-motor-09 - MHD-C (L1EM:8435311); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-R-motor-01 - SGDO (L1EM:8149490); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron; MxN-R-motor-02 - LR-A (L1EM:8167773)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron; MxN-R-motor-03 - LR-B (L1EM:8177700)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron; MxN-R-motor-04 - MHE-A (L1EM:5435750)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-R-motor-05 - MHE-B (L1EM:5434746); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; MxN-R-motor-06 - MHE-C (L1EM:5437704); L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[MxN-R-motor-07 - MHD-A (L1EM:8134938); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); MxN-R-motor-08 - MHD-B (L1EM:5440613); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; MxN-R-motor-09 - MHD-C (L1EM:5439602); larval maxillary-labial nerve motor neuron]
Motor neuron that innervates a muscle of the neck. It has its soma in the prothoracic neuromere and receives input in the neck neuropil (Phelps et al., 2021).
femoral motor neuron, long tendon muscle 2 motor neuron [Neuron 112666 (T1LEG:601885); CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]
main leg nerve, tibial motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron; neuron 117267 (T1LEG:604000)]
possible LinF-Co1, main leg nerve, coxal motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; neuron 73606 (T1LEG:610428); VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron]
possible LinA-Fe1, R81A04-Gal4, long tendon muscle 2 motor neuron, femoral motor neuron [neuron 74313 (T1LEG:604249); CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]
reviewed, tibial motor neuron, main leg nerve [CC-BY_4.0; neuron 75534 (T1LEG:610018); X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron]
coxal motor neuron, ventral nerve [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; leg muscle motor neuron; neuron 76798 (T1LEG:607176)]
long tendon muscle 2 motor neuron, main leg nerve, femoral motor neuron [CC-BY_4.0; neuron 88568 (T1LEG:603831); X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle motor neuron; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; female organism; prothoracic leg; overlaps; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020)]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); larval prothoracic accessory nerve motor neuron; PaN-L-motor-01 (L1EM:2391092); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); PaN-L-motor-02 (L1EM:38147); larval prothoracic accessory nerve motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); PaN-R-motor-01 (L1EM:2220573); larval prothoracic accessory nerve motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[PaN-R-motor-02 (L1EM:8574714); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); larval prothoracic accessory nerve motor neuron; VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some adult pharynx muscle (FBbt:00051195).
Any motor neuron that is born during the embryonic stage. It may persist into the adult stage, usually with some remodelling (Banerjee et al., 2016).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 1, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 10, which opens the pharynx at its junction with the esophagus (Rajashekhar and Singh, 1994; McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 11 dorsal, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its cell body is located in the cell body rind region around the dorsal subesophageal zone and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal subesophageal zone (Manzo et al., 2012, McKellar et al., 2020). It is involved in regulating feeding behavior (Manzo et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 11 ventral, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 12 dorsal, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its cell body is located in the cell body rind region around the dorsal subesophageal zone and it arborizes bilaterally in the dorsal subesophageal zone (Manzo et al., 2012, McKellar et al., 2020). It is involved in regulating feeding behavior (Manzo et al., 2012).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 12 ventral, which opens the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 13, which opens the junction between the salivary duct and the pharynx in the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the dorsal subesophageal zone, with its dendrites extending to the esophageal foramen, and exits the brain via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 2 dorsal, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 2 ventral, which retracts the rostrum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates lateral fibers of proboscis muscle 3, which flexes the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates medial fibers of proboscis muscle 3, which flexes the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone and it arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 4, which extends the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 5, which opens the pharynx in the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 6, which extends the labellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 7, which opens the labellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 8, which opens the pharynx in the haustellum (McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a ventral part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes in the ventral subesophageal zone and travels to the proboscis via the labial nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates proboscis muscle 9, which extends the rostrum (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). Its soma is found in a dorsal part of the cell body rind of the subesophageal zone (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). It arborizes broadly in the ventral subesophageal zone, mostly ipsilaterally, and exits the brain via the pharyngeal nerve (Gordon and Scott, 2009; McKellar et al., 2020). This neuron is required for normal proboscis extension (Gordon and Scott, 2009).
Motor neuron that innervates a proboscis muscle. It has a large soma in the rind around the subesophageal zone and dendrites in the subesophageal zone (McKellar et al., 2020). Its axon projects to the proboscis via either the labial or pharyngeal nerve (McKellar et al., 2020).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some prothoracic femoral pretarsal depressor muscle cell (FBbt:00058133).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some skeletal muscle of prothoracic leg (FBbt:00003343).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some prothoracic tibial pretarsal depressor muscle cell (FBbt:00058130).
Octopaminergic VUM motor neuron with its cell body in the larval prothoracic neuromere. There are three of these cells with very similar innervation patterns within the ventral nerve cord. The neuron projects dorsally, then branches laterally in both directions to form a T-shape. Ramifications are mostly found in the lateral neuropil of T1 and the posterior subesophageal ganglion. It also innervates the anterior part of T2 with dorsomedial bifurcations. Generally, two of these neurons (tVUM1sn) project via the segmental nerve with the other projecting via the intersegmental nerve (tVUM1isn), but this is sometimes the opposite way (Selcho et al., 2012). Innervation pattern has not been studied, so it is unclear how the three subclasses differ and whether they belong to the dorsal, lateral and ventral groups identified for abdominal neurons.
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates the mesothoracic pleurosternal muscle 59 (pleurosternal 1). This cell plays a role in pulse song generation (Shirangi et al., 2013; O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some adult retinal muscle (FBbt:00052672). Unclear from Fenk et al. (2022) whether each retinal muscle has a distinct MN.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that sends synaptic output to cell some rostrum muscle (FBbt:00051199).
A motor neuron that develops from neuroblast NB3-1 and whose large cell body is located between the anterior and posterior commissures at the dorsal surface of the CNS (Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates the ventral oblique muscle 2 (muscle 14) in abdominal segments (Zarin et al., 2019).
Motor neuron that innervates a range of dorsal muscles via type Is boutons (Landgraf et al., 2003; Kim et al., 2009). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, but unusually, innervates muscles in the same segment as its cell body (Landgraf et al., 1997, Landgraf et al., 2003). Its large soma is located at the extreme dorsal surface of the CNS above the junction of the anterior commissure and the longitudinal connective (Schmid et al., 1999). It expresses even-skipped (Manning et al., 2012).
RP motor neuron of the 3-1 lineage whose cell body is located ventral and lateral to RP1 and RP4, and which projects an axon contralaterally. These neurons can be found in thoracic or abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999). RP3 innervates ventral longitudinal muscles 3 and 4 (muscles 6 and 7) (Schmid et al., 1999, Mauss et al., 2009).
Motor neuron of the 3-1 lineage with a large cell body located adjacent to that of RP1 (Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates the contralateral ventral oblique muscle 1 (VO1; muscle 30) (Zarin et al., 2019).
Most anteriorly located larval RP motor neuron, developing from neuroblast NB3-1 (Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates all ventral longitudinal (VL) and ventral oblique (VO) muscles except for VO3 and VO6 (muscles 6, 7, 12-16 and 30) in abdominal segments and all ventral longitudinal muscles (VL1-4; muscles 6, 7 ,12 and 13) in thoracic segments (Schmid et al., 1999, Mauss et al., 2009). Innervation pattern (Mauss et al., 2009) makes this equivalent to the MNSNb/d-Is neuron of Huang and Chiba, 2001, not the MN12-Ib neuron as postulated by Huang and Chiba, 2001.
Motor neuron that innervates the segment border muscle. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); SN motor neuron of A1-7; SN motor neuron a1l (L1EM:4050398); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); SN motor neuron of A1-7; SN motor neuron a1l bilateral (L1EM:4483081); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); SN motor neuron of A1-7; SN motor neuron a1l posterior dendrite (L1EM:4289745); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[transmission electron microscopy (TEM); SN motor neuron of A1-7; SN motor neuron a1l ventral dendrite (L1EM:4271519); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[SN motor neuron of A1-7; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); SN motor neuron a1r bilateral (L1EM:16042164); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[SN motor neuron a1r posterior dendrite (L1EM:16314353); SN motor neuron of A1-7; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia]
[SN motor neuron of A1-7; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); VFB CATMAID L1 CNS; L1 larval CNS ssTEM - Cardona/Janelia; SN motor neuron a1r ventral dendrite (L1EM:3641568)]
Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the segmental nerve. Its soma is located in the same segment as the muscle it innervates. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located posteriorly to the dendritic domain of the ISN motor neurons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Almost all motor neurons that fasciculate with the segmental nerve have their soma located in the same segment in which the muscles they project to are located. There are two exceptions: DA2 motorneuron and VUM motor neuron (Landgraf et al., 1997).
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil, innervates the mesothoracic extracoxal depressor muscle 66 (tergotrochanteral muscle) and is electrically synapsed to the giant fiber neuron. It functions in jump response escape behavior. It projects through the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve to the mesothoracic neuromere. It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Adult motor neuron that innervates the tibial depressor muscle (Azevedo et al., 2020). There are approximately 15 of these cells per leg (Azevedo et al., 2020).
Motor neuron that innervates the muscles of larval abdominal segments A1-7 and which fasciculates with the transverse nerve. The dendritic domain of the motor neuron is located posteriorly to the dendritic domain of the motorneurons of ISN motor neurons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the tergopleural muscle. It arborizes in the wing neuropil and always innervates tergopleural muscle 2, sometimes also innervating tergopleural muscle 1 (O’Sullivan et al., 2018). It is required for courtship song (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Adult motor neuron that reaches the uterus or common oviduct via the abdominal nerve to the uterus and innervates the muscle layer with glutamatergic type I terminals (Middleton et al., 2006). Type I boutons identified based on bouton morphology, and Shaker and glutamate receptor expression (Middleton et al., 2006). Not clear from Middleton et al. (2006) whether each cell innervates both regions or whether there are subpopulations.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Ib bouton to some muscle cell (FBbt:00005074).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type II bouton to some muscle cell (FBbt:00005074).
Adult motor neuron that reaches the uterus or common oviduct via the abdominal nerve to the uterus and innervates the muscle or epithelial layer with octopaminergic type II terminals (Middleton et al., 2006). Octopaminergic type II boutons identified based on bouton morphology and Tdc2-GAL4 expression (Middleton et al., 2006). Not clear from Middleton et al. (2006) whether each cell innervates multiple regions or whether there are subpopulations.
Motor neuron that innervates a sperm storage organ (spermatheca or seminal receptacle) with octopaminergic type II terminals (Avila et al., 2012). The seminal receptacle is innervated in the region proximal to the uterus and the spermathecal duct is innervated mainly in the distal third (Avila et al., 2012). Octopaminergic type II boutons identified based on bouton morphology and Tdc2-GAL4 expression (Avila et al., 2012). Not clear from Avila et al. (2012) whether each cell innervates both organs or whether there are subpopulations.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type III bouton to some muscle cell (FBbt:00005074).
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that synapsed via type Is bouton to some muscle cell (FBbt:00005074).
Neuron of the larval ventral nerve cord that is formed from one of the first five ganglion mother cells (GMCs) generated by neuroblast NB7-1 (Cleary and Doe, 2006). Each of these GMCs produces a U neuron (distinguishable by eve gene expression) and a U sibling neuron (Skeath and Doe, 1998). U neurons are motor neurons (Cleary and Doe, 2006).
Motor neuron developing from the first ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1.
Motor neuron developing from the second ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1.
Motor neuron developing from the third ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1.
Motor neuron developing from the fourth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1.
Motor neuron developing from the fifth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1.
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the ventral longitudinal muscle 1. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that innervates external ventral acute muscle 1 (muscle 26). Muscles referred to as VA1 exist in segments T3 to A7 (Bate, 1993). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Larval motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 2 (muscle 27) via a type Ib bouton (Zarin et al., 2019). Muscles referred to as VA2 exist in segments A1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). The neuron exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve root, fasciculating with the SNc nerve branch (Landgraf et al., 1997). It has its soma in the same segment as the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the external ventral acute muscle 3 (muscle 29) via type Ib synapses (Zarin et al., 2019). Muscles referred to as VA3 exist in segments A1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve, fasciculating with the SNc branch (Landgraf et al., 1997). The muscle it innervates is in the same segment as its cell body (Landgraf et al., 2003). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that arborizes in the wing neuropil and innervates tergopleural muscle 2, ipsilaterally. Its axon exits the ventral nerve cord in the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (ADMN). It has one primary branch and a small spherical soma, mediolateral and ventral to the level at which the posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve exits the ventral nerve cord. It has a tufted morphology. It plays a role in pulse song generation (O’Sullivan et al., 2018).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron developing from the VUM midline precursor. It innervates the ventral oblique and longitudinal muscles. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).
Motor neuron that innervates ventral longitudinal muscle 1 (muscle 12) of the larva. Muscles referred to as VL1 exist in segments T2 to A8 (Bate, 1993). This was incorrectly suspected to be motor neuron RP5 by Hoang and Chiba, 2001.
Motor neuron that innervates the ventral oblique muscle 3 (muscle 28). A muscle named VO3 is present in each of segments T1 to A7 (Bate, 1993). It fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve (ISNb) and has its soma in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscles 4, 5 and 6, which are found in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (for VO6, only A2 to A7). Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNd nerve branch and innervates the VO4, VO5 and VO6 muscles via type Ib boutons. Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage. It innervates the internal ventral oblique muscles 4 and 5, which are found in larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the medial domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve, fasciculating with the ISNd nerve branch and it innervates the VO4 and VO5 muscles via intermediate-sized type I boutons (Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Banerjee et al., 2016). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Larval motor neuron of the NB4-1 lineage that innervates the external ventral transverse muscle 1 (VT1) (Landgraf et al., 1997). It migrates medially and posteriorly during embryonic development (Schmid et al., 1999). It follows the transverse nerve and synapses to the VT1 muscle in the anterior part of the of the next posterior segment via type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Zarin et al., 2019). VT1 is only found in A2-7 segments (Zarin et al., 2019). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
Motor neuron that is part of the median neuroblast lineage that innervates the larval body wall muscles. There are three of these cells per segment from T1 to A7. They are modulatory motor neurons; in A1-7, one VUM motor neuron innervates the dorsal muscles, one innervates the ventral muscles, and one innervates the lateral muscles. Neurotransmitter was assessed by the expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter (vGlut) (FBgn0031424) for glutamate; the enzyme that converts tyramine to octopamine, tyramine beta-hydroxylase (Tbh) (FBgn0010329) and the vesicular monoamine transporter gene (Vmat) (FBgn0260964) (Wheeler et al., 2006). Vomel and Wegener, 2008 used Tdc2-GAL4 (tyrosine decarboxylase - implies presence of tyramine) and anti-Tbh (implies presence of octopamine). Selcho et al., 2012 used Tdc2-GAL4, validated with anti-Tbh, anti-p-tyramine and anti-conjugated octopamine, to visualize tyraminergic and octopaminergic neurons. VUM neurons are found in thoracic and abdominal segments (Schmid et al., 1999).