Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen phosphorylase limit dextrin. Limit dextrin is the highly branched core that remains after exhaustive treatment of glycogen with glycogen phosphorylase. It is formed because these enzymes cannot hydrolyze the (1->6) glycosidic linkages present.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + adenosine = ADP + AMP.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + AMP = 2 ADP.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + GMP = ADP + GDP.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-hydroxy-acid + O2 = 2-oxo acid + hydrogen peroxide.
[[14]C; metabolically incorporated radioisotope]
[[3]H; metabolically incorporated radioisotope]
[[32]P; metabolically incorporated radioisotope]
[metabolically incorporated radioisotope; [33]P]
[[35]S; metabolically incorporated radioisotope]
Catalysis of the reaction: 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine = adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfate. The [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfate has a substrate consensus sequence of Glc(N2S>NAc)+/-6S GlcA GlcN2S*+/-6S GlcA>IdoA+/-2S Glc(N2S/NAc)+/-6S.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3’-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine = adenosine 3’,5’-bisphosphate + [heparan sulfate]-N-sulfoglucosamine. Note that this activity includes EC:2.8.2.12 (deleted from EC).
Catalysis of the reaction: [pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)] phosphate + H2O = [pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)] + phosphate.
Primary interneuron that develops from neuroblast NB1-1. These project ipsilaterally (Bossing et al., 1996).
Ipsilaterally projecting primary interneuron developing from neuroblast NB1-1 of the abdomen. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Ipsilaterally projecting primary interneuron developing from neuroblast NB1-1 of the thorax. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB1-1 (FBbt:00001371).
Motor neuron developing from the thoracic neuroblast NB1-1 which fasciculates with the segmental nerve. The axon terminates amongst ventrolateral muscles without a detectable end-plate (Bossing et al., 1996).
Primary interneuron that develops from neuroblast NB1-2.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-1 lineage and that fasciculates with a contralaterally projecting bundle that projects through the anterior commissure of the adjacent neuromere before turning anteriorly. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-1 lineage and that fasciculates with a contralaterally projecting bundle that projects through the posterior commissure of the neuromere. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron originating from neuroblast NB1-2 whose axon fasciculates with an ipsilaterally directed fascicle formed at the end of embryonic stage 16. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
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Catalysis of the reaction: 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acyl-CoA = phosphatidylcholine + CoA.
Binds to and increases the activity of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase.
Binding to a phosphatidylinositol, a glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.
Modulates the activity of the enzyme 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity. See also the molecular function term ‘1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity ; GO:0016303’.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 5-phosphate = ADP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + diphospho-1D-myo-inositol-pentakisphosphate = ADP + bis(diphospho)-1D-myo-inositol-tetrakisphosphate. The isomeric configurations of the diphospho-1D-myo-inositol-pentakisphosphate (PP-IP5) and bis(diphospho)-1D-myo-inositol-tetrakisphosphate (bis-PP-IP4) are unknown.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 1,2-diacylglycerol = CoA + triacylglycerol.
Catalysis of the transfer of a segment of a (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan chain to a primary hydroxyl group in a similar glucan chain.
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) + phosphate = 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate. The name should be qualified in each instance by adding the name of the natural substrate, e.g. maltodextrin phosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase.
Catalysis of the reaction: inositol diphosphate pentakisphosphate + H2O = inositol hexakisphosphate + phosphate.
[CG8340; gene; GTP-bp; Gtp-bp; X71866; upstream of RpIII128; 128up]
Binding to a 14-3-3 protein. A 14-3-3 protein is any of a large family of approximately 30kDa acidic proteins which exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells, and have been implicated in the modulation of distinct biological processes by binding to specific phosphorylated sites on diverse target proteins, thereby forcing conformational changes or influencing interactions between their targets and other molecules. Each 14-3-3 protein sequence can be roughly divided into three sections: a divergent amino terminus, the conserved core region and a divergent carboxy-terminus. The conserved middle core region of the 14-3-3s encodes an amphipathic groove that forms the main functional domain, a cradle for interacting with client proteins.
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[Eps; PAR5; 14-3-3 PROTEINS; Par-5; par-5; 1433epsilon; 14-3-3 epsilon; D14-3-3epsilon; PAR-5; Su(Raf)3B; enables; 14-3-3-ε; material entity; CG31196; SR3-9; d14-3-3epsilon; Suppressor of Ras85D 3-9; CT24092; 14.3.3 epsilon; d14-3-3ε; Epsilon; 14-3-3ε l(3)j2B10; e-14-3-3; protein heterodimerization activity; 14-3-3-e; 14-3-3EPSILON; anon-WO0172774.141; 14-3-3 ε; 14-3-30ε; 1433ε; 14-3-3 protein epsilon; 14-3-3-epsilon; Tyrosine-3-monooxygenase; is part of; gene; D14-3-3ε; EK3-5; Positive Regulators of Hippo Signaling Pathway; 143E_DROME; phosphoserine residue binding; 14-3-30epsilon; 14-3-3ε; transcription factor binding; 14-3-3omicron; anon-WO02059370.52; 14-3-3ο]
[PAR5; 14-3-3 PROTEINS; Par-5; par-5; 14-3-3leo; 1433Z; D14-3-3zeta; 14-3-3ζ; LEONARDO; PAR-5; 14-3-3-Leo; enables; material entity; 14.3.3; 14-3-3 zeta; 14-3-3 ζ; Complementation group K; BEST:GH05075; Leonardo-13-3-3; protein heterodimerization activity; Positive Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway; 2G1; CG17870; 5.11; l(2)46Ee; l(2)07103; leonardo 14-3-3; D14 3 3 protein; 4-3-3 zeta; D14-3-3ζ; l(2)46CFe; 549; is part of; gene; Positive Regulators of Hippo Signaling Pathway; 14-3-3-zeta; d14-3-3zeta; transcription factor binding; 14-3-3ZETA; protein homodimerization activity; leonardo]
[l(3)88Ba; gene; upstream of RpII140; l(3)Z6; dTIMMDC1; DmRP140up; 140up; DmRP140-upstream; CG9852]
Catalysis of the reaction: a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid + NAD+ = a 17-oxosteroid + NADH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid + NADP+ = a 17-oxosteroid + NADPH + H+.
Catalysis of the reaction: a 17-beta-ketosteroid + NADPH + H+ = a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid + NADP+.
[gene; 18SrRNA-Psi:CR41602; 18S (41602); 18SrRNA-Ψ:CR41602; 18S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR41602]
[18SrRNA-Ψ:CR45861; 18S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45861; gene; 18SrRNA-Psi:CR45861]
[18SrRNA:CR41548; 18S ribosomal RNA:CR41548; gene]
[18SrRNA:CR45838; gene; 18S ribosomal RNA:CR45838]
[18S ribosomal RNA:CR45841; 18SrRNA:CR45841; gene]
[18-wheeler; Toll-2; 18 wheeler; toll receptor; Toll like receptor; 18W; enables; l(2)00053; material entity; CG8896; tlr; 18Wheeler; TOLL RECEPTORS; 18w; Sphingomyelinase is activated by the NGF:p75NTR complex; EP-709; CT25100; 18wheeler; 18-Wheeler; is part of; gene; 18-w; Toll2; 18 Wheeler]
[1st arch mandibular component; ventral mandibular arch; anatomical entity; embryonic structure; is part of; pharyngeal arch 1]
Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch mandibular component.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 1.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme.
Sclerite of the wing hinge that articulates with the notal wing processes and the 2nd axillary sclerite. Its anterior end is immediately posterior to the humeral sclerite (FBbt:00004734).
Wing cell (intervein) region distal to the anterior cross-vein and bounded by longitudinal veins L3 and L4. See FBrf0066905 == Lindsley and Zimm, 1992 for a good schematic identifying wing cells (intervein).
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O.
Binding to a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands.
Catalysis of the reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-histidine-[translation elongation factor 2] = S-methyl-5-thioadenosine + 2-[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]-L-histidine-[translation elongation factor 2].
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-1 lineage.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-1 lineage and that projects through the anterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-1 lineage and that fasciculates with an ipsilaterally projecting bundle. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron deriving from the neuroblast NB2-2 lineage.
Primary interneuron that develops from the NB2-1 of the neuroblast of the abdomen. Projections from these neurons form a fascicle that projects through the anterior commissure and then turns anteriorly after reaching the contralateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from NB2-1 of the thorax. These neurons form a fascicle of about 10 axons that projects contralaterally through the anterior commissure. Unlike the 2-2I of abdomen, the 2-2I fascicle of thorax does not turn anteriorly after reaching the contralateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB2-2 (FBbt:00001385).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that has soma location some larval abdominal neuromere (FBbt:00111028) and develops from some neuroblast NB2-2 (FBbt:00001385).
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that has soma location some larval thoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111029) and develops from some neuroblast NB2-2 (FBbt:00001385).
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-4 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord.
Primary interneuron that develops from the NB2-4 neuroblast in the embryonic abdomen. It projects ipsi- and contralaterally across the anterior commissure to exit the neuromere through the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve.
Primary interneuron that develops from the NB2-4 neuroblast in the embryonic thorax. It projects ipsilaterally across.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects contralaterally across the anterior commissure.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects contralaterally across the anterior commissure and anteriorly to the next segment.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB2-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects ipsilaterally and anteriorly to the next segment.
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB2-5 (FBbt:00001374).
A shape that inheres in a 2 dimensional entity, such as a cross section or projection of a 3 dimensional entity.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-methylhexadecanoyl-CoA = 2-methylpentadecanal + formyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: A 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA = formyl-CoA + a propanol.
Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor = 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+).
Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of imine intermediates formed by several types of pyridoxal-5’-phosphate-dependent dehydratases, such as EC 4.3.1.19 and EC 4.3.1.17. This enzyme, which has been found in all species and tissues examined, catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of imine intermediates formed by several types of pyridoxal-5’-phosphate-dependent dehydratases, such as EC 4.3.1.19 and EC 4.3.1.17. The reactions, which can occur spontaneously, are accelerated to minimize the cellular damage that could be caused by these reactive intermediates (from EC:3.5.99.10).
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acylglycerol molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor = 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor.
Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor.
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Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O.
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a 2’-deoxyribonucleotide, a compound consisting of 2’-deoxyribonucleoside (a base linked to a 2’-deoxyribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar.
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a 2’-deoxyribonucleotide, a compound consisting of 2’-deoxyribonucleoside (a base linked to a 2’-deoxyribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar.
[Extracellular Spatzle Activating Pathway Core Components; 26/29kD-proteinase; 26,29kDa proteinase; l(3)s3635; CG8947; enables; material entity; CTSK; anon-SAGE:Wang-123; cathepsin K; nsp3-4 cleaves itself; 26-29kD-proteinase; 26-29kd prot; CATHEPSINS; 26-29 kD-proteinase; 26-29-protease; 26-29-p; is part of; gene; Cathepsin K; 26-29kDa proteinase]
[gene; 28S(CR40596); 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR40596; 28SrRNA-Ψ:CR40596; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR40596]
[28SrRNA-Ψ:CR40741; 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR40741; gene; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR40741]
[28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR41609; 28SrRNA-Ψ:CR41609; gene; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR41609]
[28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45848; 28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45848; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR45848; gene]
[gene; 28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45851; 28S(CR45851)1 111; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR45851; 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45851; 28S(CR45851)1111]
[28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45853; 28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45853; gene; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR45853]
[28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45855; gene; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR45855; 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45855]
[28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45859; 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45859; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR45859; gene; 28S(CR45859]
[28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45860; 28SrRNA-Psi:CR45860; gene; 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45860]
[28SrRNA-Psi:CR45862; 28S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45862; gene; 28SrRNA-Ψ:CR45862]
[28S ribosomal RNA:CR45837; gene; 28SrRNA:CR45837]
[28SrRNA:CR45844; gene; 28S ribosomal RNA:CR45844]
A sequence variant located within 2KB 3’ of a gene.
A sequence variant located within 2KB 5’ of a gene.
[enables; CG17319; CT28541; material entity; gene; 2mit; CG10148; CT38314; CG42573; molecular_function]
A small, irregularly shaped sclerite of the wing hinge, located immediately distal to the 1st axillary sclerite (FBbt:00004738) with which it articulates.
Wing cell (intervein) region bounded by L4, L5 and the posterior cross-vein. See FBrf0066905 == Lindsley and Zimm, 1992 for a good schematic identifying wing cells (intervein).
[2SrRNA-Psi:CR40677; gene; 2S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR40677; 2SrRNA-Ψ:CR40677]
[2SrRNA-Psi:CR45850; 2S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45850; 2SrRNA-Ψ:CR45850; gene]
[2SrRNA-Psi:CR45858; 2SrRNA-Ψ:CR45858; 2S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45858; gene]
[2SrRNA:CR45836; gene; 2S ribosomal RNA:CR45836]
[2S ribosomal RNA:CR45840; 2SrRNA:CR45840; gene]
[2SrRNA:CR45843; gene; 2S ribosomal RNA:CR45843]
[2S ribosomal RNA:CR45864; gene; 2SrRNA:CR45864]
Catalysis of the reaction: a dinucleotide + H2O = 2 mononucleotides.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyridoxal = ADP + pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5’-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5’-phosphate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.
Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + (R)-4’-phosphopantothenate + L-cysteine = CMP + diphosphate + (R)-4’-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine. Cysteine can be replaced by some of its derivatives.
Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum.
Binding to a 3 iron, 4 sulfur (3Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of three iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands. It is essentially a 4Fe-4S cluster with one iron missing.
A sequence variant that causes the extension of 3’ UTR, with regard to the reference sequence.
A UTR variant of exonic sequence of the 3’ UTR. Requested by visze github tracker ID 346.
A UTR variant of intronic sequence of the 3’ UTR. Requested by visze github tracker ID 346.
A sequence variant that causes the reduction of a the 3’ UTR with regard to the reference sequence.
A UTR variant of the 3’ UTR. EBI term 3prime UTR variations - In 3prime UTR.
Primary interneuron deriving from the neuroblast NB3-1 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from neuroblast NB3-1 of the abdomen 3-1I. The projections of these interneurons form a fascicle that projects through the anterior commissure and bifurcates in an anterior-posterior direction along the contralateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from neuroblast NB3-1 of the thorax. The projections of these interneurons form a fascicle that projects through the anterior commissure. Unlike the fascicle formed by abdominal 3-1I, it does not show any appreciable bifurcation in the contralateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB3-1 (FBbt:00001394).
Primary interneuron derived from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage. There are only one or two of these per lineage. Their fibers project contralaterally. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB3-2 (FBbt:00001388).
Any larval motor neuron that develops from NB3-2 and fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, exiting the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root. According to Schmid et al. (1999) there are 4 motorneurons which project to muscles: DA2, DO2, DO3, DO4 and DO5. According to Landgraf et al. (1997), the 4 motorneurons innervate: DO3-5 and DT1.
Any motor neuron (FBbt:00005123) that fasciculates with some larval segmental nerve (FBbt:00002037) and develops from some neuroblast NB3-2 (FBbt:00001388).
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-3 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-3 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects contralaterally across the anterior commissure.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-3 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects ipsilaterally.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects contralaterally across the anterior commissure, extending anteriorly more than one segment.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-5 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects ipsilaterally, extending anteriorly more than one segment.
[3-D shape]
Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + sphinganine = 3-dehydrosphinganine + H+ + NADPH.
Catalysis of the reaction: a 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol + AH2 + O2 = A + a 3-demethylubiquinol + H2O.
Catalysis of the reaction: alkene-CoA + H2O = alcohol-CoA. Substrates are crotonoyl-CoA (producing 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA) and 2,3-didehydro-pimeloyl-CoA (producing 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA).
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Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoacyl-CoA.
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + lipoamide = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoamide + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CO2 + [acyl-carrier protein].
Unwinding of a DNA/RNA duplex in the 3’ to 5’ direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3’ end.
Unwinding of an RNA helix in the 3’ to 5’ direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.
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Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + GTP = 2 diphosphate + cyclic G-P(3’-5’)A-P(2’-5’) (cyclic 3’,2’ GAMP).
A sequence variant that changes the resulting polypeptide structure.
[3D-deconvolution; linear method]
A small sclerite of the wing hinge, located immediately anterior to the alula (FBbt:00004747).
Most posterior wing cell (intervein) region - from wing vein L5 to the posterior wing margin. Wing vein L6 marks the proximal boundary. See FBrf0066905 == Lindsley and Zimm, 1992 for a good schematic identifying wing cells (intervein).
Binding to a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands.
A cytosine methylated at the 4 nitrogen.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-1 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-1 lineage whose projections form a bundle that projects contralaterally projecting via the anterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-1 lineage whose projections form a bundle that projects contralaterally projecting via the posterior commissure. This fascicle develops during mid to late embryonic stage 16. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-1 lineage whose projections form a bundle that projects ipsilaterally and anteriorly.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB4-2 lineage. These project contralaterally via the anterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-4 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord and projects contralaterally across the anterior commissure, extending anteriorly more than one segment. There are 8 to 11 neurons.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + O2 = homogentisate + CO2.
Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxyl sterol + NADP+ = a 3-keto sterol + NADPH + H+. Note that zymosterol is cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol.
Catalysis of the reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-beta-ol + 6 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 5 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-beta-hydroxymethyl-4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-beta-ol + 6 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 4 H2O. Note that zymosterol is cholesta-8,24-dien-3-ol.
[membrane impermeant probe; 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)]
Catalysis of the reaction: (6R)-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4a-hydroxypterin = (6R)-6-(L-erythro-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-pterin + H2O.
[enables; CG11232; eIF4E-Transporter; material entity; gene; mRNA binding; Dm4E-T; eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding; 4E-T; CG11097; CG32016]
An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4.
An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4.
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 4th arch mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 4th arch mesenchyme.
The most posterior and proximal of the sclerites of the wing hinge. The proximal end of this sclerite is adjacent to the distal end of the posterior notal wing process.
Enables the directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Phospholipids are a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.
A modified DNA cytosine base feature, modified by a carboxy group at the 5 carbon.
A modified DNA cytosine base feature, modified by a formyl group at the 5 carbon.
A modified DNA cytosine base feature, modified by a hydroxymethyl group at the 5 carbon.
A cytosine methylated at the 5 carbon.
A sequence variant that causes the extension of 5’ UTR, with regard to the reference sequence.
A UTR variant of exonic sequence of the 5’ UTR. Requested by visze github tracker ID 346.
A UTR variant of intronic sequence of the 5’ UTR. Requested by visze github tracker ID 346.
A 5’ UTR variant where a premature start codon is gained.
A 5’ UTR variant where a premature start codon is lost.
A 5’ UTR variant where a premature start codon is introduced, moved or lost. Requested by Andy Menzies at the Sanger. This isn’t necessarily a protein coding change. A premature start codon can effect the production of a mature protein product by providing a competing translation start point. Some genes balance their expression this way, eg THPO requires the presence of a premature start to limit expression, its loss leads to Familial thrombocythemia.
A sequence variant that causes the reduction of a the 5’UTR with regard to the reference sequence.
A UTR variant of the 5’ UTR. EBI term: 5prime UTR variations - In 5prime UTR (untranslated region).
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB5-1 lineage. These neurons form a bundle that projects contralaterally through the posterior commissure.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB5-2 lineage.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB5-2 lineage whose projections form a bundle that projects through the anterior commissure, along its anterior border and immediately turns anteriorly upon reaching the contralateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB5-2 that projects along the posterior of the border of the anterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron derived from the NB5-2 lineage and whose projections form a prominent bundle that runs through the posterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB5-3 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron of the NB5-3 lineage that projects through the anterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron of the NB5-3 lineage that whose projections form a bundle that projects through the posterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that is part of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Interneuron that is part of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of abdomen. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Interneuron that is part of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of thorax. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Contralateral primary interneuron of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of the abdomen that projects through the anterior commissure. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Contralateral primary interneuron of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of the thorax that projects through the anterior commissure. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Contralateral primary interneuron of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of the abdomen that projects through the posterior commissure. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Contralateral primary interneuron of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of the thorax that projects through the posterior commissure. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Ipsilateral primary interneuron of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of the abdomen. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
Ipsilateral primary interneuron of the lineage of the neuroblast NB5-6 of the thorax. See Schmidt et al. (1997) for a diagram.
[serotonin-receptor-2A; d5-HT1A; Gi/o-coupled serotonin receptor activity; 5-HT-dro2A; 5htdro2a; 5-HT1ADro; enables; material entity; 5-HT-1a; 5HT-dro2A; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (SEROTONIN) GPCRs; CG16720; Serotonin receptor 2A; 5-HT[[1ADro]]; Dm5HTdro2A; 5HT-R2A; DRO2A; 5HT[[1ADro]]; 5-HT1A; 5-HT[1A]Dro; 5-HT[[1A]]DRO; 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A; 5HT-1A; 5HT1A; is part of; gene; neurotransmitter receptor activity; Dm5-HT[[1A]]; Serotonin receptor 1A; 5-HT1a; 5HT-drp[[2A]]; Dm5-HT1A; 5HT1a]
[CG15113; 5-HT1BDro; 5HT1B-R; Gi/o-coupled serotonin receptor activity; 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B; 5-HT[[dro2B]]; 5-HT[[1B]]Dro; enables; DRO2B; 5-HT[[1B]]DRO; material entity; CG30126; Dm5HTdro2B; Drosophila serotonin receptor 1B; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (SEROTONIN) GPCRs; Dm5-HT1B; 5HT-1B; 5HT1b; 5-HT-dro2B; 5htdro2b; 5HT-dro[[2B]]; d5-HT1B; 5HT-dro2B; 5-HT[1B]Dro; 5HT-R2B; is part of; gene; neurotransmitter receptor activity; 5-HT[[1BDro]]; 5-HT1B; Dm5-HT[[1B]]; Serotonin receptor 1B; Serotonin receptor 2B]
[5-HT[[2]]Dro receptor; Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity; 5HT2a; 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2A; d5-HT2; d5-HT2A; Serotonin receptor 2; 5HT-R82A; 5HT-dro[[1]]; 5HT2A; 5-HT[2]Dro; 5-HT2Dro; enables; 5-HT[[2Dro]]; material entity; Dm5-HT[[2A]]; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (SEROTONIN) GPCRs; CG1056; 5HT2-Dro; 5HT[[2Dro]]; 5-HT-2a; serotonin receptor 2a; lethal (3) 82CDb; 5HT2Dro; 5-HT2A; l(3)82CDb; is part of; gene; neurotransmitter receptor activity; 5-ht2Dro; serotonin binding; 5-HT[[2]]; Dm5-HT2A; Dm5HT2]
[CG8007; Dm5-HT[[2B]]; 5HT2b; CG7994; 5-HT2B; anon-WO0170980.98; Dm5-ht2b; 5-HT-2b; 5HT1b; anon-WO0170980.94; 5HT2B; CG42796; anon-WO0170980.95; anon-WO0170980.97; gene; 5-HT[[2B]]; d5-HT2B; 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2B; Dm5-HT2B]
[DRO1; 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 7; 5htdror; CG12073; G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity; Serotonin receptor 1; enables; material entity; Dm5HTdro1; 5-HTdro1; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (SEROTONIN) GPCRs; 5HT7; 5-HT[[dro1]]; Dm5-HT[[7]]; 5-HT-dro; 5-HT7; 5-HT-7; 5-HT[[7]]R; 5-HT[[7]]Dro; 5HT[[7Dro]]; 5HT-dro1; Serotonin receptor 7; 5-HT2A; 5-HT-dro1; 5HT-R1; 5-HT[[7Dro]]; 5-HT7Dro; is part of; gene; neurotransmitter receptor activity; 5HT-7; 5-HT[7]Dro; Dm5-HT7; 5-HT[[7]]; 5HT-dro]
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H+ = CO2 + serotonin.
.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine + ATP + glycine = N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate.
[5-SFX fluorescein RNA fill; fluor labeled RNA fill]
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule; dependent on the presence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate.
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + H2O = 3-ureidopropionate.
[5.8S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45849; 5.8SrRNA-Psi:CR45849; 5.8SrRNA-Ψ:CR45849; gene]
[5.8SrRNA-Psi:CR45854; 5.8S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45854; gene; 5.8SrRNA-Ψ:CR45854]
[5.8S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45857; 5.8SrRNA-Psi:CR45857; gene; 5.8SrRNA-Ψ:CR45857]
[5.8SrRNA-Psi:CR45863; 5.8S ribosomal RNA pseudogene:CR45863; 5.8SrRNA-Ψ:CR45863; gene]
[5.8SrRNA:CR40454; gene]
[5.8S ribosomal RNA:CR45839; gene; 5.8SrRNA:CR45839]
[5.8S ribosomal RNA:CR45842; gene; 5.8SrRNA:CR45842]
[5.8S ribosomal RNA:CR45852; gene; 5.8SrRNA:CR45852]
Catalysis of the reaction: a 5’-end (N7-methyl 5’-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA + H2O = a 5’-end phospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA + N7-methyl-GDP + H+.
Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5’ terminus of a DNA molecule.
Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5’ terminus of an RNA molecule.
Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1); the synthesis of RNA from ribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a nucleic acid template, via extension of the 3’-end.
.
.
Catalysis of the reaction:a 2’-deoxyribonucleoside 5’-monophosphate + H20=a 2’-deoxyribonucleoside + phosphate.
.
Catalysis of the reaction: a 5’-ribonucleotide + H2O = a ribonucleoside + phosphate.
A sequence variant located within a half KB of the end of a gene.
Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NADP+ = an aldehyde or a ketone + NADPH + H+.
A sequence variant located within 5 KB of the end of a gene. EBI term Downstream variations - Within 5 kb downstream of the 3prime end of a transcript.
A sequence variant located within 5KB 5’ of a gene. EBI term Upstream variations - Within 5 kb upstream of the 5prime end of a transcript.
[enables; inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase activity; CG42283; IPP; is part of; material entity; gene; BcDNA:RE64196; CG31107; dm5PtaseI; Inpp5a; Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase type I; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL PHOSPHATE AND INOSITOL PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASES; 5Ptasel; CG31110; 5PtaseI; CG7613]
Binding to a 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome.
Binding to an unprocessed 5S ribosomal RNA transcript.
[5SrRNA-Ψ:CR33356; 5SrRNA-Psi:CR33356; gene]
[5SrRNA-Psi:CR33363; 5SrRNA-Ψ:CR33363; gene]
[5SrRNA-Ψ:CR33371; gene; 5SrRNA-Psi:CR33371]
[5SrRNA-Ψ:CR33416; gene; 5SrRNA-Psi:CR33416]
[5SrRNA:CR33353; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33354; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33355; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33357; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33358; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33359; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33360]
[5SrRNA:CR33361; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33362; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33364; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33365; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33366]
[5SrRNA:CR33367; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33368; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33369; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33370; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33372]
[5SrRNA:CR33373; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33374; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33375; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33376]
[5SrRNA:CR33377; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33378; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33379; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33380]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33381]
[5SrRNA:CR33382; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33383]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33384]
[5SrRNA:CR33385; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33386; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33387; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33388; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33389; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33390; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33391; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33392; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33393; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33394; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33395; gene; 5S rRNA:CR33395]
[5SrRNA:CR33396; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33397; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33398]
[5SrRNA:CR33399; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33400]
[5SrRNA:CR33401; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33402; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33403; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33404; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33405; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33406; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33407; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33408; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33409; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33410; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33411]
[5SrRNA:CR33412; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33413]
[5SrRNA:CR33414; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33415; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33417; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33418; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33419; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33420; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33421; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33422]
[5SrRNA:CR33423; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33424; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33425; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33426; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33427; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33428; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33429]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33430]
[5SrRNA:CR33431; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33432; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33433; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33434; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33435; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33436; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33437; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33438; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33439; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33440; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33441]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33442]
[5SrRNA:CR33443; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33444; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33445; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33446; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33447; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33448; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33449; gene]
[5SrRNA:CR33450; gene]
[gene; 5SrRNA:CR33451]
[5SrRNA:CR33452; gene]
Primary interneuron originating from neuroblast the NB6-1 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron originating from 6-1I that projects through the posterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Ipsilateral posterior projecting primary interneuron originating from 6-1I. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB6-2 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Contralaterally projecting primary interneuron originating from 6-2I. It is distinguished from 6-2cp2 by crossing the posterior commissure along the anterior margin. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Contralaterally projecting primary interneuron originating from 6-2I. It is distinguished from 6-2cp1 by crossing the posterior commissure along the posterior margin then bending posteriorly in the contralateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB6-2 lineage whose projections form a small, ipsilaterally projecting bundle that projects anteriorly along the lateral border of the ipsilateral connective. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB6-4 lineage. There are 4 to 6 neurons, which only exist in thoracic segments, as the abdominal NB6-4 neuroblasts only produce glial cells (Schmidt et al., 1997).
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB6-4 lineage in the embryonic thorax and projects contralaterally across the posterior commissure.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB6-4 lineage in the embryonic thorax and projects ipsilaterally.
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-fructose-6-phosphate = ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine = NADPH + H+ + 6,7-dihydropteridine. Note that this function was formerly EC:1.6.99.7.
Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 6.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme.
Primary interneuron originating from the neuroblast NB7-1 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Contralaterally projecting primary interneuron originating from 7-1I. It projects through the middle of the anterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Contralaterally projecting primary interneuron originating from 7-1I. It projects through the posterior border of the posterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Any embryonic/larval motor neuron (FBbt:00007675) that develops from some neuroblast NB7-1 (FBbt:00001380). According to Landgraf et al. (1997) and Schmid et al. (1999), several motorneurons are produced from NB7-1: MN-DA2/DA3, MN-DO1/DO2, MN-LL1, MN-VO4-6 and MN-VO4/5. This term was obsoleted because neurons classes were made for each of these motorneurons.
Primary interneuron originating from neuroblast the NB7-2 lineage. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Contralaterally projecting primary interneuron that projects through the posterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Ipsilateral posterior projecting primary interneuron originating from 7-2I. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron of the NB7-3 lineage. The projections of these interneurons form a bundle that projects across the anterior border of the posterior commissure. See Bossing et al., (1996) for a diagram.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB4-4 lineage in the embryonic ventral nerve cord. There are 8 to 12 neurons.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-4 lineage in the embryonic thorax and projects contralaterally across the posterior commissure.
Primary interneuron that develops from the neuroblast NB7-4 lineage in the embryonic thorax and projects ipsilaterally.
[membrane impermeant probe; 7-amino-actinomycin D]
Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + a 7-beta-hydroxysteroid = NADPH + H+ + a 7-oxosteroid.
[enables; material entity; gene; peptidase activator activity; CG1168; d7B2; 7B2; FBgn0040073]
Binding to a 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP).
.
[gene; SRP RNA; Signal recognition particle 7SL RNA CR32864; 7 S L RNA; 7SLRNA:CR32864; RNA 7SL]
[7SL RNA; gene; SRP RNA; 7 S L RNA; 7SLRNA:CR42652; chr3R_2645852_2646154; Signal recognition particle 7SL RNA CR42652]
A modified DNA adenine base,at the 8 carbon, often the product of DNA damage.
A modified DNA guanine base,at the 8 carbon, often the product of DNA damage.
[gene; 825-Oak; CG32208]
[Arc; CG6741; gene; CG13505; broad angular; arc; a; bran]
An A box within an RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter. The A box can be found in the promoters of type 1 and type 2 (pol III) so sub-typing here allows the part of relationship of the subtypes to remain true.
An A box within an RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter. The A box can be found in the promoters of type 1 and type 2 (pol III) so sub-typing here allows the part of relationship of the subtypes to remain true.
A region forming a motif, composed of adenines, where the minor groove edges are inserted into the minor groove of another helix.
A transversion from adenine to cytidine.
A transition of an adenine to a guanine.
A transversion from adenine to thymine.
A large subperineural glial cell of the embryo or larva that lies anterior to the anterior segment border and anterior commissure and medial to the longitudinal connective in each abdominal and thoracic neuromere, (Klambt and Goodman, 1991; Ito et al., 1995). It sends a process to the dorsoventral channel (Ito et al., 1995). These cells have different neuroblasts of origin in different neuromeres (Beckervordersandforth et al., 2008).
Any A-subperineurial glial cell (FBbt:00001259) that is part of some subperineurial glial sheath (FBbt:00007091) and is part of some larval gnathal ganglion (FBbt:00100138).
Any A-subperineurial glial cell (FBbt:00001259) that is part of some embryonic/larval brain (FBbt:00001920) and is part of some subperineurial glial sheath (FBbt:00007091).
A-subperineurial glial cell located in the abdominal hemineuromeres. It lies at 20-30% along the medio-lateral axis. It develops from neuroblast NB1-1 of the abdomen (Beckervordersandforth et al., 2008).
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 1.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 2.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 3.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 4.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 5.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 6.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 7.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in abdominal segment 8.
A-subperineurial glial cell of optic lobe of the larva.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in thoracic segment 1.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in thoracic segment 2.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in thoracic segment 3.
A-subperineurial glial cell located in a thoracic segment. It develops from neuroblast NB2-2 of the thorax (Beckervordersandforth et al., 2008).
.
.
.
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an outwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel that produces a transient outward current upon a step change in membrane potential.
.
Any abdominal neuron (FBbt:00001987) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 1 (FBbt:00001748).
Any acute muscle (FBbt:00000474) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
Any acute muscle (FBbt:00058307) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). By embryonic stage 16, it has a short contralaterally projecting neurite extending into the posterior commissure. It receives input from the contra- and ipsilateral larval A27h neuron. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. These neurons were identified in a EM reconstruction of a volume that includes the posterior half of abdominal segment 2 and abdominal segment 3, of a 12-24h old first instar larva. The number of connections was estimated from the publication figures. The number of input synapses was the following (number in brackets ipsilateral/contralateral): from A27h (10/10) (Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016).
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 2 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (Landgraf et al., 1997). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral and intermediate domains of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA2 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). The muscle it innervates is one segment posterior to its soma (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. This motor neuron is an exception to the class of motorneurons that innervate the internal dorsal muscles whose dendrites occupy the lateral neuropil; it has dendrites in the intermediate and lateral regions (Mauss et al., 2009). Based on cell body position, the DA2 motor neuron appears to correspond to the U2 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DA2 motor neuron corresponds to U3.
Sibling neuron to the A1-7 DA2 motor neuron developing from the second ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 in abdominal segments.
Motor neuron developing from the fourth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1. It innervates the internal dorsal acute muscle 3 (DA3) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DA3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. The DA3 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U4 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).
Sibling neuron to the A1-7 DA3 motor neuron developing from the fourth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 in abdominal segments.
U1 neuron of A1-7. It innervates dorsal oblique muscle 1 (DO1). Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domains of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO1 muscle of the next posterior segment with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001; Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Based on cell body position, the DO1 motor neuron corresponds to the U1 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).
Sibling neuron to the A1-7 DO1 motor neuron developing from the first ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 in abdominal segments.
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 2 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO2 muscle with type Ib boutons. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. Based on cell body position, the DO2 motor neuron appears to correspond to the U3 neuron (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138), however, Zarin et al. (2019) report that the DO2 motor neuron corresponds to U2.
Sibling neuron to the A1-7 DO2 motor neuron developing from the third ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1 in abdominal segments.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 3 (DO3) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO3 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 4 (DO4) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO4 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is located in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron that develops from the neuroblast NB3-2 lineage (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999). It innervates the internal dorsal oblique muscle 5 (DO5) of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the lateral domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the DO5 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). These neurons (at least in A1 to A4) die during metamorphosis (Banerjee et al., 2016). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). Muscle DO5 is only present in A1-7. There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al ., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Any dorsal acute muscle (FBbt:00000475) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
Any dorsal acute muscle (FBbt:00058308) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
Dorsal-most dorsal acute muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
Dorsal-most dorsal acute muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The second dorsal-most dorsal acute muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The second dorsal-most dorsal acute muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The third dorsal-most dorsal acute muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The third dorsal-most dorsal acute muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
Motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute, dorsal oblique and LL1 muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 (Landgraf et al., 2003). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve. It is one of the common exciters of the A1-7 muscles, innervating the dorsal and LL1 muscles via type Is boutons (Mauss et al., 2009). It receives input from the ipsilateral larval A02b, A27j, eIN-4 (A03a1) and A27e and contralateral larval A08e1-3 local neurons and A31k neuron. Unlike other ISN neurons, its soma is located in the same segment as the muscles it innervates (Zarin and Labrador, 2019). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. These neurons were identified in one EM reconstruction of abdominal segment 3 of a 12-24h old first instar larva (Heckscher et al., 2015; Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016). For Heckscher et al. (2015) only bilateral connections are reported. The number of identified input synapses was the following (number in brackets left/right): from A08e1 (1-4/1-7), A08e2 (1-4/1-7), A08e3 (1-4/1-7) (Heckscher et al., 2015). For Schneider-Mizell et al. (2016), the number of connections was estimated from the publication figures. The number of input synapses was the following (number in brackets left/right where available): from A02b (12/12), A27j (12/25), A03a1 (20/23), A27e (21), A31k (35/35) (Schneider-Mizell et al., 2016).
Any dorsal oblique muscle (FBbt:00000467) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
Any dorsal oblique muscle (FBbt:00058300) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
The dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The second dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The second dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The third dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The third dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The fourth dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7. Its posterior end is attached to a site in the segment posterior to that in which it originates.
The fourth dorsal-most dorsal oblique muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7. Its posterior end is attached to a site in the segment posterior to that in which it originates.
The ventral-most of the dorsal oblique muscles of A1-7. Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
The ventral-most of the dorsal oblique muscles of A1-7.
The only dorsal transverse muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7. It is an external muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003; Zarin and Labrador, 2019).
The only dorsal transverse muscle of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7. It is an external muscle (Landgraf et al., 2003; Zarin and Labrador, 2019).
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the internal dorsal acute and oblique muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the posterior root of the intersegmental nerve and fasciculates with the ISNb or ISNd intersegmental nerve branches. These neurons have a virtually identical arborization pattern, shared with the lateral and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7.
Motor neuron developing from neuroblast NB3-2 lineage that innervates the dorsal transverse muscle 1 (DT1) of abdominal segments 1 to 7 (Landgraf et al., 1997). It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior intersegmental nerve root, fasciculates with the intersegmental nerve, and innervates the DT1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Although it innervates an external muscle, its soma is clustered with those of the internal muscle-innervating neurons in the segment anterior to the muscle innervated (Landgraf et al., 2003). Its dendritic arborizations are found with those of other external muscle-innervating neurons, connected via a long posterior projection (Landgraf et al., 2003). Following Landgraf et al., 1997, larval motor neurons are named according to the muscle they innervate. The same caveats therefore apply regarding inference of serial homology from nomenclature as for the muscles: Following Bate (1993), larval hypodermal muscles are named for their orientation and numbered based on their order from dorsal to ventral or anterior to posterior. So, except where musculature is essentially identical between segments (as for A1-7, with a couple of exceptions for A1), serial homology should not be assumed on the basis of a shared name.
The only lateral longitudinal muscle in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The only lateral longitudinal muscle in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The only lateral oblique muscle in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The only lateral oblique muscle in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
Any lateral transverse muscle (FBbt:00000472) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
Any lateral transverse muscle (FBbt:00058305) that is part of some larval abdominal segment A1-7 (FBbt:00007586).
The most anterior of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The most anterior of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The second anterior-most of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The second anterior-most of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The third anterior-most of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The third anterior-most of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The fourth anterior-most of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
The fourth anterior-most of the lateral transverse muscles in each of embryonic/larval abdominal segments 1-7.
Neuromodulatory motor neuron that innervates the lateral transverse muscles of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7 via type II boutons. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the segmental nerve and fasciculates with the SNa segmental nerve branches. These neurons have a virtually identical arborization pattern, shared with the dorsal and ventral VUM neurons of A1-7. They arborize along and dorsal to the dorsal median fascicle and laterally along the dorsal lateral fascicle, invading the next anterior neuromere. In the dorsomedial neuropil, arborizations are sent into at least two (usually three) anterior neuromeres and the adjacent posterior neuromere (Selcho et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. In A2-7, these might also synapse to muscles 26 (VA1), 27 (VA2) and 29 (VA3) (Selcho et al., 2012).
Motor neuron developing from the fifth ganglion mother cell that differentiates from neuroblast NB7-1. It innervates the internal lateral longitudinal muscle 1 of larval abdominal segments A1 to A7. Its dendritic arborization occupies the intermediate domain of the ventral nerve cord neuropil. It exits the ventral nerve cord via the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve and innervates the LL1 muscle with type Ib boutons (Landgraf et al., 1997; Hoang and Chiba, 2001). Its soma is found in the segment anterior to the muscle it innervates (Kohsaka et al., 2012). There is little or no published literature specifically on innervation in A1 and so where equivalent muscles are present between A1 and A2-7 (Landgraf et al., 1997; Schmid et al., 1999), we infer A1 motor neuron innervation patterns from those of A2-7. The LL1 motor neuron is likely to correspond to the U5 neuron. This is suggested by the cell body position and by extrapolating the observation that these neurons that extend their axons the furthest differentiate the earliest (personal communication by Matthias Landgraf - FBrf0221138).