Tag: Hygrosensory_system

adult hygrosensory neuron Ir40a [FBbt_00110990]

Adult hygrosensory neuron that expresses the humidity-sensing Ionotropic receptor (Ir) 40a, and the co-receptors Ir93a and Ir25a, and responds to dry air (Silbering et al., 2011; Enjin et al, 2016; Knecht et al., 2016. There are a few different subtypes, innervating either the antennal lobe VP1d or VP4 glomeruli (Silbering et al., 2011; Marin et al., 2020 and having dendrites in either the basiconic sensilla of chamber I or the blunt-tipped sensilla of chamber II of the sacculus (pore-less sensilla) (Enjin et al., 2016; Marin et al., 2020. (Knecht et al., 2016, Benton et al., 2009, Silbering et al., 2011, Marin et al., 2020, Enjin et al., 2016)

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adult hygrosensory neuron Ir68a [FBbt_00047222]

Ipsilateral hygrosensory neuron that expresses the Ionotropic receptor (Ir) 68a as well as the co-receptor Ir93a (Frank et al., 2017; Knecht et al., 2017. There are two subtypes, with dendrites in chamber I or II of the sacculus, projecting to glomeruli VP1m or VP5, respectively (Frank et al., 2017; Marin et al., 2020. (Frank et al., 2017, Marin et al., 2020)

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adult olfactory receptor neuron Ir75d ac1 [FBbt_00110011]

Olfactory receptor neuron Ir75d with its sensory dendrite in an antennal coeloconic sensillum ac1 (Silbering et al., 2011. It responds strongly to changes in humidity (Yao et al., 2005. There are around 15 of these cells per hemisphere (Grabe et al., 2016. (Benton et al., 2009, Grabe et al., 2016, Yao et al., 2005, Silbering et al., 2011)

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adult olfactory receptor neuron Ir75d ac2 [FBbt_00110014]

Olfactory receptor neuron Ir75d with its sensory dendrite in an antennal coeloconic sensillum ac2 (Silbering et al., 2011. It responds strongly to changes in humidity (Yao et al., 2005. (Benton et al., 2009, Yao et al., 2005, Silbering et al., 2011)

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HRN_VP1d [FBbt_00047226]

Adult hygrosensory neuron that expresses the humidity-sensing Ionotropic receptor (Ir) 40a, and the co-receptors Ir93a and Ir25a, and innervates the antennal lobe glomerulus VP1d (Enjin et al, 2016; Knecht et al., 2016; Marin et al., 2020. It receives sensory input in the blunt-tipped sensilla of chamber II of the sacculus and its projections remain strictly ipsilateral (Silbering et al., 2011; Marin et al., 2020; Schlegel et al., 2021. It is activated by dry air (to a lesser extent than the VP4 Ir40a neurons) (Knecht et al., 2016 and by large decreases in temperature (Enjin et al., 2016, which may collectively correspond to detection of evaporative cooling (Marin et al., 2020. It develops from an Nab precursor (Benton et al., 2025. There are around 7-9 of these cells per hemisphere (Marin et al., 2020. (Benton et al., 2009, Enjin et al., 2016, Benton et al., 2025, Schlegel et al., 2021, Silbering et al., 2011, Knecht et al., 2016, Marin et al., 2020)

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HRN_VP1l [FBbt_00111336]

Thermosensory receptor neuron that expresses the Ionotropic receptor (Ir) 21a and innervates antennal lobe glomerulus VP1l (Marin et al., 2020; Alpert et al., 2020. It has its sensory dendrite in chamber I of the sacculus and it responds to temperature drops below 25 degrees celsius (Marin et al., 2020; Alpert et al., 2020. It develops from an Naa precursor (Benton et al., 2025. There are around 6-8 of these cells per hemisphere (Marin et al., 2020 and they are unilateral (Schlegel et al., 2021. (Alpert et al., 2020, Benton et al., 2025, Silbering et al., 2011, Marin et al., 2020, Schlegel et al., 2021)

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HRN_VP4 [FBbt_00047225]

Adult hygrosensory neuron that expresses the humidity-sensing Ionotropic receptor (Ir) 40a, and the co-receptors Ir93a and Ir25a and innervates the antennal lobe glomerulus VP4 bilaterally (Enjin et al, 2016; Knecht et al., 2016; Marin et al., 2020. There are two subtypes that transduce signals from the basiconic sensilla of chamber I or the blunt-tipped sensilla of chamber II (pore-less sensilla) of the sacculus (Enjin et al., 2016; Marin et al., 2020. Its activity is increased by dry air and decreased by humid air (Knecht et al., 2016; Enjin et al., 2016. It develops from an Nba precursor (Benton et al., 2025. There are around 15 of these cells on each side (Benton et al., 2025. (Knecht et al., 2016, Benton et al., 2025, Benton et al., 2009, Silbering et al., 2011, Marin et al., 2020, Enjin et al., 2016)

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HRN_VP5 [FBbt_00049659]

Adult hygrosensory neuron Ir68a that innervates antennal lobe glomerulus VP5 and innervates a sensillum housed in chamber II of the sacculus (Frank et al., 2017; Knecht et al., 2017; Marin et al., 2020. In VP5, it synapses to antennal lobe projection neuron VP1m+VP5 (Frank et al., 2017. It develops from an Naa precursor (Benton et al., 2025). There are around 7-9 of these cells per hemisphere (Marin et al., 2020. (Knecht et al., 2017, Marin et al., 2020, Frank et al., 2017)

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sensillum of sacculus chamber I [FBbt_00004184]

Sensillum of chamber I of the sacculus of the antenna (Shanbhag et al., 1995. It is devoid of pores, has no socket at the base and gradually tapers at the distal end, which has an irregularly-sculpted surface (Shanbhag et al., 1995. It houses the sensory dendrites of two hygrosensory neurons, expressing Ir40a and Ir68a (Shanbhag et al., 1995; Marin et al., 2020. Some of these sensilla additionally house one thermosensory neuron, expressing Ir21a (Shanbhag et al., 1995; Marin et al., 2020. (Marin et al., 2020, Shanbhag et al., 1995)

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sensillum of sacculus chamber II [FBbt_00004183]

Sensillum of chamber II of the sacculus of the antenna (Shanbhag et al., 1995. This sacculus chamber is divided into multiple compartments, each of which houses one of these sensilla in a pit (Shanbhag et al., 1995. It has a smooth cuticular surface, lacking pores, and a plugged pore-like structure at its distal tip (Shanbhag et al., 1995. It houses the sensory dendrites of three hygrosensory neurons, two expressing Ir40a and one expressing Ir68a (Shanbhag et al., 1995; Enjin et al., 2016; Marin et al., 2020. (Enjin et al., 2016, Marin et al., 2020)

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TRN_VP1m [FBbt_00049660]

Adult hygrosensory neuron Ir68a that innervates antennal lobe glomerulus VP1m and innervates a sensillum housed in chamber I of the sacculus (Marin et al., 2020. There are around 6-8 of these cells per hemisphere (Marin et al., 2020 and they are unilateral (Schlegel et al., 2021. It develops from an Nab precursor (Benton et al., 2025). (Marin et al., 2020, Schlegel et al., 2021)

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VL1_ilPN [FBbt_00049772]

Adult uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron with its soma in the lateral subesophageal zone and dendrites that mainly innervate antennal lobe glomerulus VL1 (Tanaka et al., 2012; Bates et al., 2020. It bifurcates below the esophagus and has roughly symmetrical innervation in both hemispheres (Tanaka et al., 2012. It follows the mALT, sending branches to the central part of the mushroom body calyx and the posterior ventral lateral horn (Tanaka et a., 2012; Bates et al., 2020. There is one of these per hemisphere and it is cholinergic (Bates et al., 2020. (Tanaka et al., 2012, Bates et al., 2020)

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VL1_vPN [FBbt_00007444]

Adult uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron from the ventral neuroblast (ALv1) lineage with dendrites that mainly innervate antennal lobe glomerulus VL1 (Marin et al., 2002; Silbering et al., 2011. Its axon exhibits a diffuse and highly complex pattern of arborization along the ventral border of the lateral horn (Marin et al., 2002; Silbering et al., 2011. It follows the mediolateral antennal lobe tract, bypassing the mushroom body (Silbering et al., 2011; Bates et al., 2020. There is around one of these cells per hemisphere and it is GABAergic (Bates et al., 2020. (Bates et al., 2020, Silbering et al., 2011, Marin et al., 2002)

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VP1d_il2PN [FBbt_00049721]

Adult uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron with its cell body in the lateral subesophageal ganglion, dendrites that mainly innervate antennal lobe glomerulus VP1d and an axon that projects via the dorsal antennal lobe tract (Marin et al., 2020. It arborizes in the mushroom body calyx and the lateral horn (Marin et al., 2020. Before entering the antennal lobe, it crosses the midline in the subesophageal zone and it has a bilaterally-symmetrical innervation pattern (Marin et al., 2020. There is one of these cells per hemisphere (Bates et al., 2020; Marin et al., 2020. (Marin et al., 2020, Bates et al., 2020)

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VP1m_l2PN [FBbt_00049729]

Adult unilateral, uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron that is part of the ALl1 (BAlc) ventral hemilineage and has its antennal lobe dendrites mainly in VP1m (Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. It projects via the lateral antennal lobe tract to the mushroom body calyx and lateral horn (Marin et al., 2020. There is one of these cells per hemisphere (Bates et al., 2020; Marin et al., 2020. (Bates et al., 2020, Marin et al., 2020)

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VP1m+VP5_ilPN [FBbt_00047224]

Adult bilateral oligoglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron that is synapsed by adult olfactory receptor neuron Ir68a VP5 in the antennal lobe glomerulus VP5 (Frank et al., 2017 and also receives input in VP1m (Marin et al., 2020. It relays information regarding increased humidity to higher brain centers (Frank et al., 2017 via the medial antennal lobe tract (Marin et al., 2020. There is one of these per hemisphere, with its cell body in the lateral subesophageal zone (Bates et al., 2020; Marin et al., 2020. (Frank et al., 2017, Marin et al., 2020, Bates et al., 2020)

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VP4_vPN [FBbt_00049752]

Adult unilateral, uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron that develops from the ventral neuroblast (ALv1) and has dendrites that mainly innervate antennal lobe glomerulus VP4 (Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. It follows the mediolateral antennal lobe tract to the mushroom body calyx and lateral horn (Marin et al., 2020. There is one of these cells per hemisphere and it is GABAergic (Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. (Marin et al., 2020, Bates et al., 2020)

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VP4+_vPN [FBbt_00049751]

Adult uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron that develops from the ventral neuroblast (ALv1) and has dendrites that mainly innervate antennal lobe glomerulus VP4, with a branch crossing into the contralateral VP4 (Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. It follows the mediolateral antennal lobe tract to the lateral horn, superior clamp and superior lateral protocerebrum (Marin et al., 2020. There is one of these cells per hemisphere and it is GABAergic (Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. (Marin et al., 2020, Bates et al., 2020)

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VP5+_l2PN [FBbt_00049735]

Adult unilateral, uniglomerular antennal lobe projection neuron whose dendrites mainly innervate antennal lobe glomerulus VP5 (Marin et al., 2020. There is one of these cells per hemisphere and it belongs to the ALl1 (BAlc) ventral hemilineage (Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. It innervates the wedge and posterior lateral protocerebrum with one branch fasciculating with the transverse antennal lobe t10ALT tract (Marin et al., 2020. (Marin et al., 2020, Bates et al., 2020)

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VP5+Z_adPN [FBbt_00100374]

Uniglomerular adult antennal lobe projection neuron of the adPN lineage with its dendrites predominantly in glomerulus VP5, as well as the subesophageal zone, and some innervation of other antennal glomeruli (Yu et al., 2010; Marin et al., 2020; Bates et al., 2020. It is born from the 12th embryonic division of the neuroblast ALad1, after the division that produces DC1 adPN (Yu et al., 2010. There is one of these cells per hemisphere, it follows the medial antennal lobe tract and it is cholinergic (Marin et al., 2020. Its main downstream target type is a set of around 11 gamma main Kenyon cells, that extend non-claw-like dendrites outside of the main calyx, whilst also having dendritic claws inside the main calyx (Li et al., 2020. It connects to these at three locations just anterior to the main calyx (Li et al., 2020. (Bates et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Marin et al., 2020, Yu et al., 2010)

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